Pediatr. pro Praxi, 2003; 4: 202-204

Farmakoterapie horečky u dětí

MUDr. Tomáš Doležal
Ústav farmakologie 3. LF UK, Praha

Keywords: fever, antipyretics, paracetamol, aspirin, ibuprofen, metamizole, nimesulide.

Published: December 31, 2003  Show citation

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Doležal T. Farmakoterapie horečky u dětí. Pediatr. praxi. 2003;4(4):202-204.

Přestože horečka patří mezi nejčastější a často také nejvýraznější příznaky nemocí, o antipyretikách a především jejich účinnosti toho víme překvapivě málo. Společným mechanizmem účinku této skupiny léků je blokáda produkce prostaglandinů v hypotalamu. Tyto prostaglandiny zvyšující tělesnou teplotu vznikají cestou cyklooxygenázy 2 (COX-2). Použití nejstaršího antipyretika, aspirinu je u dětí limitováno rizikem Reyova syndromu. Paracetamol je zavedeným a především bezpečným anti­pyretikem přesto, že nedávná metaanalýza přinesla rozporuplné závěry. Nesteroidní antirevmatika (ibuprofen a nimesulid) patří mezi novější antipyretika, o nichž dnes již máme dostatek důkazů o účinnosti. Metamizol je neprávem opomíjeným antipyretikem, který může být vhodnou alternativou k používaným antipyretikům.

Pharmacotherapy of fever in children

Although fever belongs to the most common and prominent symptom of disease, our understanding of effectivenes of antipyretic drugs is far from ideal. The common mechanism of action of antipyretics is blockade of prostaglandin production in hypothalamus. The key enzyme responsible for production of feverous prostaglandins is cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). The use of aspirin in the therapy of fever in infancy is limited due to risk of Reye´s syndrome. Paracetamol is well established and safe antipyretic in children despite recent meta-analysis brought conflicting results. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (ibuprofen and nimesulide) are newer agents with sufficient evidence of efficacy. Metamizole is forgotten alternative to commonly used antipyretic drugs.

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References

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