Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):117-120 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2021.021

Technologies and children: current recommendations for pediatricians and a summary of practical tools for screening and primary prevention

Mgr. Michaela Slussareff, Ph.D.1,2, Mgr. Kateřina Lukavská, Ph.D.3
1 Ústav informačních studií a knihovnictví, Filozofická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Praha
2 Katedra Komunikace a médií, University of New York in Prague, Praha
3 Katedra psychologie, Pedagogická fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Praha

The article presents and analyzes current recommendations concerning children's use of digital technologies (or screens). Based on these recommendations, the article proposes tools for screening and primary prevention of risky use of screens in the pediatric office. The screening tools are divided according to age categories into (1) recommendations for the youngest children (0-5 years), (2) recommendations for younger school age (6-10 years) and (3) recommendations for older school age and adolescents (11+).

Keywords: technology, screens, infants, toddlers, preschoolers, schoolchildren, adolescents, screening, primary prevention.

Published: April 29, 2021  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Slussareff M, Lukavská K. Technologies and children: current recommendations for pediatricians and a summary of practical tools for screening and primary prevention. Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(2):117-120. doi: 10.36290/ped.2021.021.
Download citation

References

  1. Coyne SM, Radesky J, Collier KM, Gentile DA, Linder JR, Nathanson AI, Rasmussen EE, Reich SM, Rogers J. Parenting and Digital Media. Pediatrics 2017; 140 (2): 112-116. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-1758N. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  2. Kabali HK, Irigoyen MM, Nunez‑Davis R, Budacki JG, Mohanty SH, Leister KP, Bonner RL. Exposure and Use of Mobile Media Devices by Young Children. Pediatrics 2015; 136 (6): 1044-1050. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-2151. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  3. Stiglic N, Viner RM. Effects of screentime on the health and well‑being of children and adolescents: a systematic review of reviews. BMJ Open 2019; 9 (1). DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023191. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  4. Zimmerman FJ, Christakis DA, Meltzoff AN. Associations between media viewing and language development in children under age 2 years. The Journal of Pediatrics 2007; 151 (4): 364-368. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2007. 04. 071. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  5. Pagani LS, Harbec MJ, Barnett TA. Prospective associations between television in the preschool bedroom and later bio‑psycho‑social risks. Pediatric Research 2019; 85 (7). DOI: 10.1038/s41390-018-0265-8. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  6. Jago R, Baranowski T, Baranowski JC, Thompson D, Greaves KA. BMI from 3-6 y of age is predicted by TV viewing and physical activity, not diet. International Journal of Obesity 2005; 29 (6): 557-564. DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802969. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  7. Cheung CHM, Bedford R, Saez De Urabain IR, Karmiloff‑Smith A, Smith TJ. Daily touchscreen use in infants and toddlers is associated with reduced sleep and delayed sleep onset. Scientific Reports 2017; 7. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  8. LeBourgeois MK, Hale L, Chang AM, Akacem LD, Montgomery‑Downs HE, Buxton OM. Digital Media and Sleep in Childhood and Adolescence. Pediatrics 2017; 140(Supplement 2). DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-1758 J. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  9. Liu M, Yao S, Wu L. Dose‑response association of screen timebased sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents and depression: A meta‑Analysis of observational studies. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2015; 9(20). Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  10. Hou H, Jia S, Hu S, Fan R, Sun W, Sun T, Zhang H. Reduced Striatal Dopamine Transporters in People with Internet Addiction Disorder. BioMed Research International 2012. DOI: 10.1155/2012/854524. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  11. Wang HR, Cho H, Kim DJ. Prevalence and correlates of comorbid depression in a nonclinical online sample with DSM-5 internet gaming disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders 2008; 226. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017. 08. 005. Go to original source...
  12. Clark DB, Tanner‑Smith EE, Killingsworth, SS. Digital Games, Design, and Learning: A Systematic Review and Meta‑Analysis. Review of Educational Research 2016; 86(1). DOI: 10.3102/0034654315582065. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  13. Evropská komise [online]. Shaping Europe's digital future, 2020 [cit. 16-9-2020]. Dostupné z: https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/europe‑fit‑digital‑age/shaping‑europe‑digital‑future_en#documents.
  14. Evropská komise [online]. Digital Education Action Plan (2018 - 2020) [cit. 16-9-2020]. Dostupné z: https://ec.europa.eu/education/education‑in‑the‑eu/digital‑education‑action‑plan_en.
  15. World Health Organization. Guidelines on physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep for children under 5 years of age. [online]. 2019 [cit. 13. 08. 2020]. Dostupné z: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541170/.
  16. AAP Council on Communications And Media. Media and Young Minds. Pediatrics 2016; 138 (5). DOI: 10.1542/peds. 2016-2591. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  17. Canadian Paediatric Society, Digital Health Task Force, Ottawa, Ontario. Screen time and young children: Promoting health and development in a digital world. Paediatrics & Child Health 2017; 22 (8). DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxx123. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  18. Canadian Paediatric Society, Digital Health Task Force, Ottawa, Ontario. Digital media: Promoting healthy screen use in school‑aged children and adolescents. Paediatrics & Child Health 2019; 24(6). DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxz095. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  19. Académie des sciences. L'enfant, l'adolescent, la famille et les écrans. Appel à une vigilance raisonnée sur les technologies numériques. [online]. 2019 [cit. 13. 08. 2020]. Dostupné z: https://afpa.org/content/uploads/2019/04/l%E2%80%99enfant‑l%E2%80%99adolescent‑la‑famille‑et‑les-%C3%A9crans‑rapport‑Acad%C3%A9mies-09-04-2019.pdf.
  20. The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health.The health impacts of screen time: a guide for clinicians and parents. [online]. 2018 [cit. 13. 08. 2020]. Dostupné z: https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2018-12/rcpch_screen_time_guide_-_final.pdf.
  21. Australian Government: Department of Health. 24-Hour Movement Guidelines on Healthy Growth for the Early Years (0-5 years): An Integration of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep. [online]. 2019 [cit. 13. 08. 2020]. Dostupné z: https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/ti-0-5years.
  22. Christakis DA, Ramirez JSB, Ferguson SM, Ravinder S, Ramirez JM. How early media exposure may affect cognitive function: a review of results from observations in humans and experiments in mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2018, 115 (40). DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1711548115. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  23. Common Sense Media & American Academy of Pediatrics. What makes a media‑savvy kid? [online]. 2017 [cit. 16. 09. 2020]. Dostupné z: https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/uploads/pdfs/2017_cs_aap_pediatriciantoolkit_poster_eng_8.5x14.pdf.
  24. Elhai JD, Dvorak RD, Levine JC, Hall BJ. Problematic smartphone use: A conceptual overview and systematic review of relations with anxiety and depression psychopathology. Journal of Affective Disorders 2017; 207. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016. 08. 030. Go to original source...
  25. Clark DL, Raphael JL, McGuire AL. HEADS 4 : Social Media Screening in Adolescent Primary Care. Pediatrics 2018; 141(6). DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3655. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  26. Vondráčková P, Gabrhelík, R. Prevention of Internet addiction: a systematic review. Journal of Behavioral Addictions 2016; 5(4). DOI: 10.1556/2006. 5. 2016.085. Go to original source...




Pediatrics for Practice

Madam, Sir,
please be aware that the website on which you intend to enter, not the general public because it contains technical information about medicines, including advertisements relating to medicinal products. This information and communication professionals are solely under §2 of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. Is active persons authorized to prescribe or supply (hereinafter expert).
Take note that if you are not an expert, you run the risk of danger to their health or the health of other persons, if you the obtained information improperly understood or interpreted, and especially advertising which may be part of this site, or whether you used it for self-diagnosis or medical treatment, whether in relation to each other in person or in relation to others.

I declare:

  1. that I have met the above instruction
  2. I'm an expert within the meaning of the Act n.40/1995 Coll. the regulation of advertising, as amended, and I am aware of the risks that would be a person other than the expert input to these sites exhibited


No

Yes

If your statement is not true, please be aware
that brings the risk of danger to their health or the health of others.