Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(5):276-281 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.053

Up-to-date view of the fluids therapy in children

MUDr. Tereza Pomahačová, prof. MUDr. Josef Sýkora, Ph.D., MUDr. Jiří Fremuth, Ph.D.

Dětská klinika FN Plzeň

Although the administration of crystalloid fluids is one of the most frequently used treatment procedures, we often forget that the administration of fluids should be governed by the same rules that apply to the administration of any medicinal product. Fluid administration has its indications and contraindications, the exact dose should be defined and both therapeutic effects and goals, as well as possible adverse effects accompanying fluid administration, should be monitored. Each time a crystalloid fluid is administered, we must think about its composition in the context of the patient's clinical condition, and from this point of view, we should individualize the treatment. The aim of this article is to describe the physiology and pathophysiology of fluids, to clarify the historical context of the development of the composition of crystalloid fluids used in clinical practice, and to provide an up-to-date view of the therapeutic parenteral administration of crystalloid fluids in children from infancy to 18 years of age. The information in the article does not relate to the neonatal age and does not address the enteral form of rehydration.

Keywords: antidiuretic hormone, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, crystalloid fluids, dehydration, parenteral rehydration.

Accepted: October 21, 2024; Published: November 15, 2024  Show citation