Pediatrics for Practice, 2010, issue 5

Editorial

Slovo úvodem

doc. PhDr. Jana Kocourková

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):275

Review articles

What should the paediatrician know about precocious puberty

doc.MUDr.Marta Šnajderová, CSc., RNDr.Daniela Zemková, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):282-286

Evaluation of sexual development is an integral part of everyday practice of pediatrician. It is therefore essential that the practitioner for children and adolescents knew the criteria of normal and abnormal onset of puberty. Precocious puberty may be a variant of normal development, but may also be an expression of a serious disease that requires early and detailed examination by a specialist. Diagnostics of precocious puberty is an interdisciplinary, coordinated by children’s endocrinologist. The goal of treatment is to bring a child’s development of its peers in terms of sexual development, growth and psyche. The publication...

Acute paediatric urological emergencies

MUDr.Ivo Novák

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):288-291

Similar to acute cases in other branches of medicine acute urology cases pose a danger to organs or even to the life of the patient. The most frequently acute paediatric urological emergencies are: the testicular torsion, paraphimosis, renal colic and haematuria. All the introduced acute cases require fast diagnosis and urgent care. A wrong diagnosis and treatment result in loss of the affected organ or a permanent damage of patient’s health.

Treatment of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children

MUDr.Pavel Geier, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Janusz Feber

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):292-294

Review article describing current insights into the treatment of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children. Treatment regimens based on data from adequately powered randomized controlled trials were stressed out.

Approach to patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia

MUDr.Petr Papoušek, MUDr.Vladimír Koblížek, MUDr.Tereza Dobešová, MUDr.Helena Hornychová, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.František Salajka, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):295-297

Primary ciliary dyskinesia is a rare genetic disease, which is underdiagnosed by us, because it mimics more frequent respiratory illnesses with its symptoms and because special ciliary tests were not accessible by us. It is manifested mostly by chronic rhinosinusitis, epitympanitis and neonatal respiratory difficulties. One half of patients has situs viscerum inversus. Cough is productive in PCD, but breathlessness belongs more likely to the manifestation of COPD. A nasal saccharine test, high-speed digital videomicroscopy, electron microscopy of a sample taken from a nose and the analysis of exhaled NO belong to special ciliary tests. This...

Immunomodulation therapy in pediatrics

doc.MUDr.Jaromír Bystroň, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):298-304

The author characterizes the term immunomodulation therapy and explains related terms or those often used instead of this very general term. Next, he focuses on the definition and basic principles of treatment of recurrent respiratory infections for which immunomodulation therapy is most commonly used in paediatric clinical practice. Immunomodulators of bacterial origin are dealt with in detail. The author characterizes the composition and route of administration of medications currently available in the market in the Czech Republic, describes new developments in understanding the mechanism of their action and comments on some specific situations...

The present of registered HPV vaccines

doc.MUDr.Roman Chlíbek, Ph.D., MUDr.Jan Smetana, MUDr.Vanda Boštíková

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):306-311

Currently there are two available vaccines against human papilloma virus (HPV). Bivalent vaccine Cervarix and quadrivalent vaccine Gardasil. Both vaccines despite the fact that they are produce by the identical recombinant technology differentiate in a number indicator. They differ in the number and amount of antigen in the production system used for the preparation of antigens, the adjuvant system and indication range. The uniqueness of the two vaccines is that they are the first truly anti-cancer vaccines, which have expanded the possibilities of prevention by vaccination. Another uniqueness of HPV vaccines is significantly higher immune...

Local administration of drugs in children with upper airway disease in otorhinolaryngology

prof.MUDr.Jaromír Astl, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):312-316

The present overview of upper airway inflammations deals with the development and symptoms of the diseases in the practice and their possible treatment. The treatment of complications is beyond the scope of this paper. The most commonly used groups of locally administered medications are described which are used for the treatment of patients with an emphasis on symptomatic treatment, particularly the options of administering local medications in the form of sprays and drops.

Atopic dermatitis and care of atopic skin

doc.MUDr.Olga Vohradníková, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):318-324

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common skin conditions affecting mainly children but also adults. The etiopathogenesis of the disease, its incidence and course and typical as well as less common clinical manifestations are briefly introduced. Complications of the course of AD are briefly mentioned. Major attention is paid to external treatment and preventive care of atopic skin, particularly in childhood. Risk and aggravating factors and options of systemic treatment are also mentioned.

Case report

An unexpected diagnosis in a 13-year-old girl presented with abdominal lymphadenopathy and B symptoms

MUDr.Lucie Cingrošová, MUDr.Lenka Mrázková, MUDr.Marcela Dvořáková, MUDr.Luboš Zeman, MUDr.Josef Mališ, MUDr.Jiřina Hobstová, CSc., MUDr.Pavel Dryák, MUDr.Vít Campr, prof.MUDr.Jan Starý, DrSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):326-328

We report a case of a 13-year-old girl of Somali origin who was admitted for suspected lymphoma. She had developed typical B symptoms and abdominal lymphadenopathy within the passed month. Though the patient has never undergone BCG vaccination, the Mantoux skin test was positive. The girl underwent an ileocaecal lymph node biopsy – histopathological findings showed granulomatous inflammation with caseation necrosis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was culture-confirmed from the examined tissue. Diagnosis of abdominal TB was assessed and the girl was sent to a pediatric department specialized in the treatment of childhood TB.

The case report of secondary syphilis in fifteen years old boy

MUDr.Jan Pavelka, MUDr.Lukáš Homola, MUDr.Peter Mikolášek, MUDr.Lenka Plachá, doc.MUDr.Drahomíra Bartošová, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):330-332

The incidence of syphilis is growing in the Czech Republic during last years. The early form cases in childhood are more frequent than they were before. We would like to remind some interesting historical data, clinical manifestations of the secondary form, diagnostic criteria according to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and treatment guidelines according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on background of the case report of secondary syphilis.

For nurses

Children patient´s rights in nursing care

doc.PaedDr.et Mgr.Eva Zacharová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):334-335

Patients’ rights represent a well-known ethical code routinely available both for health workers and lay public. Currently they have often been used in clinical practice as well. Child’s illness is a very serious problem situation that influences the environment itself, particularly his/her family. The application of children’s rights can even in this case moderate the impacts connected to a demanding life situation related to child’s illness.

The importance of PUFA omega-3 in children

doc.MUDr.Ludmila Vyhnánková, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):336-338

This article deals with PUFA omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids that are vital for a child’s development, a development of brain and retina. They have a good influence on functioning of the brain, process of learning and on memory, immune system, and act in an antiinflammatory way. Their positive influence on cardiovascular system and metabolism is also significant.

Clinicoradiological diagnosis

Splenic abscess as a manifestation of generalised infection

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr.Kamila Michálková, MUDr.Miloslava Micková, MUDr.Petr Kamínek, Ph.D., MUDr.Petr Pešák

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(5):339-341

The authors describe a 16-year-old boy with a one week history of fever up to 40 °C and right hip pains. Patient was admitted to a regional hospital with evolving sepsis accompained with marks of disseminated intravascular coagulation. By means of imaging methods small pelvis fluid, left pneumonia with fluidothorax and splenic abscess were found. Because of acute respiratory distress syndrome the patient was transfered to pediatric clinic. Microbiological culturing reveald presence of Peptostreptococcus sp. and purulent exudate cultivation obtained from right hip joint Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic treatment with respect of cultured bacteria...