Kniha smíchu a pláče

prof. MUDr. Karel Křepela, DrSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):143  

Primary immunodeficiencies in children, current therapeutic options

MUDr.Pavel Rozsíval, doc.MUDr.Eva Pařízková, CSc., MUDr.Pavlína Králíčková

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):149-152  

Authors present an overview of current therapeutic possibilities of primary immunodeficiencies in children. The largest part is devoted to antimicrobial therapy and antibody substitution, which are the most common procedures encountered by primary pediatricians.

Skin and mucosa candidosis in infants

MUDr.Eva Dortová, doc.MUDr.Jiří Dort, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):153-154  

This article deals with candida infections in infants, its clinical manifestation on the skin and oral mucosa, the possibilities of prevention even during pregnancy, after birth in infants and local treatment.

Nutritional supportive care in children with cancer

MUDr.Petr Říha, MUDr.Petr Smíšek

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):155-159  

Appropriate nutritional support is an important part of comprehensive oncology treatment. The aim is to decrease the incidence of malnutrition. Malnourished patients are in higher risk of infectious and toxic complications, experience worse quality of life. Systematic survey of nutritional status and early nutritional intervention can eventually lead to better results of oncology treatment. We review the definitions, etiology and epidemiology of malnutrition, practical approaches to nutritional support of children with cancer.

Idiopathic musculoskeletal pain in children

MUDr.Vladimír Němec, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):160-163  

Author gives an overview of the idiopathic musculoskeletal pain in children. There are listed the criteria for the diagnosis of idiopathic pain and criteria for the diagnosis of fibromyalgia, complex regional pain syndrome, hypermobility and benign nocturnal limb pain in a tabular form. It is discussed in the general form etiology, clinical features, differential diagnosis and therapy of idiopathic musculoskeletal pain in childhood.

Primary stereotypic movements in children

MUDr.Lydie Koumarová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):164-166  

Primary motor stereotypies (PMS) are repetitive rhythmical, apparently purposeless movement patterns which occur in children with normal development. PMS can be divided into three subgroups: a) simple stereotypies (e. g. thumb and fingers sucking, nail-biting, teeth grinding), b) head nodding (rhythmic movement of the head), c) complex motor stereotypies. Complex motor stereotypies can be very diverse (e. g. shaking, waving, hands shaking, fingers and hair twisting, head and entire body swinging, mouth opening), but they are always bound in a typical recurring pattern. Co-morbidity with tics, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)...

Prebiotics and probiotics in paediatrics

prof.MUDr.Jiří Nevoral, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):167-173  

Probiotics have received increased attention in recent years. There are a large number of papers evaluating their effect in various diseases, but only relatively few studies are of a really high quality. Probiotics act by several mechanisms, such as intestinal pH reduction, decreased colonization by pathogenic microorganisms, and modulation of immune response. A positive effect of one probiotic in a certain situation may not necessarily be apparent with the use of another probiotic. Probiotics have been clearly shown to be effective in treating gastrointestinal diseases, such as acute viral gastroenteritis, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea,...

Atopic dermatitis in children

MUDr.Miroslav Kobsa, MUDr.Nina Benáková, MUDr.Marie Selerová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):176-180  

The authors review the current knowledge on the development and progression of atopic dermatitis and assess the effect of extrinsic factors. While focusing on paediatric patients, they provide an overview of the strategy for diagnosis and comprehensive care. They highlight the essential importance of good patient education and of establishing the conditions for their maximum cooperation during treatment.

Complicated pneumonia in a 16 years old boy

MUDr.Jiří Fremuth, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Jiří Kobr, Ph.D., MUDr.Renata Vondráková, MUDr.Lucie Šperlová, MUDr.Vladimír Špidlen, MUDr.Kateřina Pizingerová, Ph.D., MUDr.Lumír Šašek, MUDr.Marcela Kreslová, MUDr.Jana Zamboryová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):182-184  

The authors present a case of 16 years old boy, who was conservatively treated for right sided necrotising pneumonia and pleural empyema.

Pneumorrhachis

prof.MUDr.Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr.Zdeňka Ráčilová, MUDr.Igor Jíra, MUDr.Martina Jobová, MUDr.Tereza Pinkasová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):185-187  

Pneumorrhachis (PNR), the phenomenon of intraspinal air, is an exceptional imaging finding. PNR is primarily a radiographic and not clinical diagnosis. Air within the spinal canal can be divided into primary and secondary PNR, descriptively classified into extra- or intradural. Usually is PNR seen in association with other manifestation of air leak (for example pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, pneumoperitoneum). PNR usually represents an asymptomatic epiphenomenon and the intraspinal air reabsorbs spontaneously. We report the case of an adolescent who developed PNR after spontaneous pneumomediastinum. The patient recovered uneventfully and...

Depression and maternal antidepressant therapy from the perspective of neonatologist

MUDr.Alice Mocková, MUDr.Veronika Nováková, MUDr.Zuzana Lucková, doc.MUDr.Jiří Dort, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):188-192  

Depression and the use of antidepressants during pregnancy may have a negative influence on fetal development as well as adaptation during the neonatal period. The aim of our study was to elicit the effect of antidepressant use during pregnancy on postnatal adaptation and the incidence of congenital abnormalities. In a cohort of forty two antidepressant using mothers, a higher incidence of prematurity and hyperbilirubinemia was found. Furthermore children had smaller head circumferences (p < 0.05), and discontinuation syndrome was diagnosed in 26 % (2 children had seizures), only 52 % were fully breast-fed. 12 % of children had a non-serious...

Pain assessment in children. The use of measurement tools in nursing practice

PhDr.Ilona Plevová, Mgr.et Mgr.Regina Slowik, DiS., Bc.Jarmila Kulhánková, Bc.Dana Buchwaldková, Mgr.Renáta Tydlačková

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):193-197  

The article, besides practical pain assessment and case studies, also brings a theoretical overview of pain assessment in children, including myths and barriers in pain management, and acquaints with techniques that can be used for pain assessment by health facilities, including the topology of pain.

Prevention and treatment of diaper rash

PharmDr.Iveta Rohová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):199-202  

The skin of infants, babies and toddlers is in certain places prone to the formation of diaper rash. Their skin differs morphologlly and functionally from adults and requires special care. The correct diagnosis, prevention and treatment lead to a reduction in the risk of serious complication.

Photoprotection in children

MUDr.Ivana Krajsová, MBA

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):204-205  

The children’s skin is very sensitive to a sunshine. Therefore it must be thoroughly protected against the sun UV radiation. To follow the recommendations for the safe sun bathing is the basic principle for baby sunscreens usage. Inappropriate protection of the children’s skin against sun rays is one of very important causative factors for developing skin cancers during the late adulthood. má imunosupresivní účinky

Karcinom děložního čípku a HPV vakcinace

MUDr. Harald Čadílek

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):206-207  

Babywearing

MUDr.Luděk Ryba, Věra Adamová, prof.MUDr.Jan Janda, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):208-210  

Babywearing (in a sling) has drawn the attention of both the public and professionals in recent years. The Czech Pediatric Society Committee issued its expert opinion on this issue in 2011. The first part of article was based on this opinion and also includes a mother’s (the article’s coauthor) experience. The second part of the article contains examples of tying methods with drawings and instructions.

European society for pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition new guidelines for the diagnosis

MUDr.Pavel Frühauf, CSc., MUDr.Peter Szitányi, Ph.D., MUDr.Radim Vyhnánek

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):211-213  

of coeliac disease Diagnostic criteria for coeliac disease from the ESPGHAN were published in 1990. Since then, the autoantigen in celiac disease, tissue transglutaminase, has been identified; the perception of celiac disease has changed from enteropathy to a multiorgan disease dependent on the haplotypes human leukocyte antigen HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8; and specific antibody tests have improved.

Novější poznatky o paracetamolu ve vztahu k hepatální toxicitě, senzitivě a vzniku astmatu

prof. MUDr. Miloslav Kršiak, DrSc., FCMA

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):163  

Neobvyklý nález - perforace nosní přepážky

prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr. Marcel Schüller, Ph.D., MUDr. Marie Macků, MUDr. Jana Fráňová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(3):198