Emoce a chronicky nemocné dítě

prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Slaný, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):219  

Thrombosis and oral contraceptives in young girls

MUDr.Ivana Hadačová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):225-226  

Recommendations to minimize the risk of thromboembolic disease in women using hormonal contraceptives are well known. The beginning of the year 2010, the Committee of Czech Paediatric Society initiated the questionnaire survey a view to obtaining information about the girls, in which the disease broke out at the time of the use of oral contraceptives. The result of the processed data is the proposed recommendation a structured history, which should be part of preventive examination in thirteen years.

Correction options for children with refractive errors

MUDr.Ondřej Vláčil, MUDr.Marta Karhanová, FEBO, MUDr.Juraj Šimičák

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):227-229  

The most common reason for the reduction of visual acuity in childhood is a refractive error. If it is not corrected primarily at the preschool age, amblyopia can occur. Amblyopia is irreversible functional impairment of central visual perception. Correction of visual defects is performed by glasses or contact lenses in indicated cases. Laser refractive surgery is increasingly applying in correction of high anizometropia (refractive diference between right and left eye). It follows strict indication. Refraction in childhood can change quickly, so regular checks are necessary. Examination of refraction is therefore an essential part of every...

Pediatric viral hepatitis C in the Czech Republic

MUDr.Marek Štefan, doc.MUDr.Dalibor Sedláček, CSc., MUDr.Pavel Dlouhý

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):230-232  

The article provides basic information on pediatric viral hepatis C in the Czech Republic. Problems with distinguishing between acute and chronic viral hepatitis C are discussed. Current therapeutic options are described and difficulties in treating injection drug users are mentioned. The article also includes a case report of an adolescent diagnosed with acute viral hepatitis C.

Infant colics

MUDr.Eva Bronská, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Jiří Bronský, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):233-236  

Prevalence of infant colics is approximately 10–20 % and are usually present at 3 months of age. The cause of colics is unknown. It is defined as uncalmable crying in otherwise-healthy well-developing infant without any signs of chronic disease. There is no known causal therapy. None of the studied therapeutical approaches (simethicone, massages and manipulations, warm wrappings, car ride simulation etc.) was proven as beneficial by controlled studies. Some authors mention positive effect of infant formulae with hydrolysed protein and elimination of allergic components from mother´s diet. However, more high quality randomised controlled...

Ischaemic stroke in children

doc.MUDr.Radomír Šlapal, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):237-238  

The author presents current knowledge on the issue of ischaemic stroke in children. He mainly deals with the specific features of paediatric age compared to the adult population, taking into account individual age categories. As such, the article should appeal particularly to the general paediatrician for children and adolescents.

The position of pediatrics in cervical cancer prevention

MUDr.Tomáš Fait, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):239-242  

The benefit of HPV vaccination is clear. The risk of cervical carcinoma decreases. It may be seen after some years. Vaccination is followed could be decrease in incidence of cervical, vulval and vaginal laesions and other HPV related diseases, but it is according to HPV vaccination types.

Acute pyelonephritis in children up to two years of age

MUDr.Jana Zamboryová, MUDr.Eva Sládková, RNDr.Ing.František Šefrna, MUDr.Eliška Polcarová, MUDr.Ing.Konrad Siala, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Jiří Kobr, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):244-246  

Acute pyelonephritis is an infection of the upper urinary tract. Urinary tract infections (UTI) are some of the most frequent diseases of childhood. Acute pyelonephritis is defined as a bacterial interstitial inflammation of the renal parenchyma, and represents a high risk of permanent renal damage with a potential for developing further complications. It is often difficult to distinguish cystitis from pyelonephritis on the grounds of clinical symptoms especially in children up to two years of age. Thus it is important to consider carefully every febrile child for the presence of UTI. Should acute pyelonephritis be suspected, the patient is...

The new possibilities for extemporaneous cutaneous preparations in pediatrics

PharmDr.Zbyněk Sklenář, Ph.D., MBA, Mgr.Kateřina Horáčková, doc.MUDr.Ondřej Slanař, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):247-249  

In recent years magistral preparation has been enriched with several new substances. This paper presents some possibilities of extemporaneous preparation – semisolid preparations intended for the skin or mucosa application with local effect, suitable for pediatric use. It introduces in detail three substances – dexpanthenol, sodium lactate solution and almond oil. The article presents examples of suitable recipes for pediatric use: water-in-oil (w/o) cream with dexpanthenol and urea for infants, epithelizing ointment with vitamine E, oil-in-water (o/w) cream with glycerine, nasal emulsion gel with vitamine E (Nasopanthil), ointment...

Ladd‘s syndrome

MUDr.Simona Boráňová, MUDr.Michal Žáčik, MUDr.Jiří Palíšek

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):250-251  

The paper presents the case of a one-week newborn admitted after vomiting with admixture of bile. Simple snapshot of the abdomen in the hanging position did not prove the characteristic “double bubble” in the left hypochondrium and epigastrium. According to clinic status the obstruction in the area of duoden was being considered. The newborn relocated to a superior workplace where indicated to revision of the abdomen with a finding typical for Ladd‘s syndrome. Postoperative progress complicated by sepsis.

Transient hyperphosphatasemia

prof.MUDr.Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr.Jan Papež, MUDr.Zdeňka Ráčilová, MUDr.Tereza Pinkasová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):252-254  

Transient hyperphosphatasemia (TH) of infancy and childhood is a temporary and isolated increase of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP-s) activity occurring without obvious cause usually during the first five years of life. The diagnosis of TH is established after finding of a transient but marked ALP-s elevation in the absence of clinical or laboratory findings of bone or liver disease. ALP-s returns to normal in a few months. TH has not been found to be life-threatening and is classified as a benign phenomenon. We report a clinical case of a toddler with TH and a literature review. This condition should be recognized by pediatricians in order...

Complicated labial herpes infection

MUDr.Michaela Syrovátková, MUDr.Miroslav Kobsa

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):255-256  

We present a case report of 15 years old girl, whose problems started like a usual labial herpes infection, but during a few days occured to progress extensive bacterial infection with progressive flegmonous infiltration of left face and periocular tissues and purulent cheilitis. That clinical state required extensive therapeutical access. Staphylococcus aureus was identified by cultivation from infiltrations.

Effect of curative treatment on exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) in children exposed to parental smoking

MUDr.Vladimír Svozil, MUDr.Josef Richter, CSc., RNDr.Vlastimil Král, CSc., MUDr.Stanislava Richterová, Ing.Iva Stiborová, MUDr.Josef Mašláň, MUDr.Rudolf Odehnal, MUDr.Miloš Verner, MUDr.Ludovít Filo

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):258-261  

The objective of the study was investigated the effect of passive smoking on the values of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO). In 227 children aged 5–15 years with respiratory disease was determined value of eNO, salivary albumin at the beginning of the treatment and again after the treatment process. For 34 children aged 10–15 years exposed to tobacco smoke have been found elevated eNO. Complex treatment regimens result in a change of monitored parameters.

Nursing in palliative care of child clients

Mgr.Jan Ratiborský, Mgr.Jaroslava Fendrychová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):262-264  

The paper deals with the issue of palliative care in paediatric patients/clients. The paper is based on a qualitative research study aimed at two goals. The first goal was to assess the potential need for palliative care in children in the CR. The method of document content analysis of the data obtained from the Czech Statistical Office was used. These data were used for estimation of the number of children in the CR who might require palliative care. The second goal was to assess the options of palliative care services in sick children in the territory of the CR. To accomplish this goal, the method of in-depth qualitative interview was employed...

Transient neonatal intestinal obstruction as a manifestation of small left colon syndrome

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr.Kamila Michálková, MUDr.Lumír Kantor, Ph.D., MUDr.Tomáš Malý, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):272-274  

Authors report case reports of two newborns with transient intestinal obstruction. Irrigoscopic examination with a water soluble contrast enema led to the diagnosis of neonatal small left colon syndrome (NSLCS) and treated those newborns successfully.

New guidelines in the newborn resuscitation

MUDr.Karel Liška

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):265-269  

The following article offers an overall summary of neonatal resuscitation guidelines focusing on the changes made between the years 2005–2010. These recommendations are to be used for the resuscitation of newly born infants undergoing transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life, but they can also be applied for the resuscitation of neonates during their first weeks of life. The primary changes regard the use of oxygen during resuscitation of term infants, introduction of controlled hypothermia and the stabilization of preterm infants in the delivery room.

Arterial hypertension in children and adolescents

prof.MUDr.Tomáš Seeman, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):275-277  

Hypertension is one of the main risk factors of cardiovascular and renal diseases. The prevalence of hypertension in childhood is about 1 %. Secondary hypertension (renal, endocrine, cardiovascular) is more frequent than primary hypertension, however, in adolescents primary form already prevails. Each child with hypertension has to be carefully investigated, the extent of the investigations depends on the age of the child and severity of hypertension, however, all children must have basal investigations (urine, blood, renal ultrasound and echocardiography). Treatment of hypertension is non-pharmacological and pharmacological (angiotensin-converting...

Hemorrhoids in children

MUDr.Blanka Rousková

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):278-279  

Incidence, etiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhoids in children are outlined.

Acne and milk consumption

MUDr.Pavel Frühauf, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):280  

Acne, an epidemic skin disease in countries with Western nutrition, is promoted by increasing consumption of inzulinotropic food, specially milk, diary products as well as high coarbohydrates with high glycemic index.

The effects of media usage on child development

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Mihál, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):281-282  

These days total media exposure time for most of very young children exceeded the time spent in all other activities. This article reviews what is known about the negative effects of TV viewing on multiple domains of child development including language, cognition and of attention capacity.

Významné životní jubileum emeritního primáře dětského oddělení Krajské nemocnice, a. s., ve Zlíně MUDr. Tomáše VALOUŠKA

MUDr. Lenka Ťoukálková

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):282  

Uštknutí zmijí

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(4):270