Školy při nemocnicích - slavná tradice a neveselá současnost

prof. PhDr. Jiří Mareš, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):287  

Rotavirus gastroenteritis and prevention

MUDr.Jan Smetana, Ph.D., doc.RNDr.Vanda Boštíková, Ph.D., MUDr.Pavel Kosina, Ph.D., prof.MUDr.Roman Chlíbek, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):294-295  

More than 95 % children under 5 years of age are infected at least once with rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE). The highest incidence is given an average age of 6–24 months. The first infection is usually clinically most serious, each other is more moderate. The most common complication is dehydration, which is more common than in the case of rotavirus negative acute gastroenteritis. Also the risk of hospitalization for RVGE is higher. Now, there are two live attenuated oral vaccines for specific prevention of RVGE in group of children older than 6 weeks of age. Vaccination is recommended for all children.

Current trends in haemophilia treatment for children

MUDr.Světlana Köhlerová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):296-298  

Even today the treatment of persons with haemophilia is still based on the substitution of missing clotting factor via intravenous injection. Still more and more haemophiliacs (mainly children) are treated with recombinant clotting factor concentrates. The gold standard for the treatment of severe haemophilia in children is the prophylactic factor administration, ideally in home settings, where the patient or another family member, administers the medication himself.

Follow ambulatory physiotherapy for infants with premature history

PaedDr.Irena Zounková, Ph.D., doc.PaedDr.Libuše Smolíková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):299-303  

Physiotherapy premature neonates is nowadays an integral part of comprehensive treatment. It is indicated and applied it at the time of stay immature child in intensive care units. Timeliness start its regular physiotherapy and dosage needed for a certain period of time has a decisive influence for the further positive development of child born preterm. The article informs about current physiotherapy practices for its implementation, dosage, indications, cooperation with other health professionals and the child´s family. respiratory handling.

Immunotherapy in children with reccurent respiratory tract infections

doc.MUDr.Vít Petrů, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):304-310  

Reccurent respiratory tract infections in children are associated with significant morbidity and are one of the most common reasons for physician visits and hospitalisation. Children with recurrent respiratory tract infections represent a great challenge for the paediatrician, from both therapeutic and preventive standpoints. He must first determine whether these recurrent infections are because of host-derived factors (inherited, acquired), or are the result of increased environmental exposure. Host-derived factors may be nonimmunological or related to host immunodeficiency. Treatment and prevention of these infections has its own rules and...

Year-round care of atopic and very dry skin

MUDr.Lucie Růžičková Jarešová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):312-314  

Seasons of the year are characterized by a repeated, regular change of the weather. Air humidity and temperature are one of the basic factors that change during the year. Change of the weather is perceived individually by each person. The development of dry skin depends on the action of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. When the integrity of the skin surface is impaired or the skin is not sufficiently hydrated, its barrier function is limited. The skin becomes dehydrated and rough, losing its glossy appearance.

Vaccination of children with inactivated influenza vaccines

MUDr.Daniel Dražan

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):316-318  

Influenza viruses are among the most frequent causative agents of infections in people across all age groups. Young children, the elderly, and those with various chronic conditions are at the highest risk of influenza complications. Influenza vaccines are the most important part of strategies for preventing influenza. Worldwide, authorities agree on the recommendation to vaccinate the elderly, pregnant women, and persons of all age groups with a chronic condition. In some countries headed by the United States, mass vaccination of all children is recommended. In Europe, this recommendation is valid only in several countries, although it can...

Constipation in childhood

MUDr.Vladimír Volf, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):322-323  

The article discusses the basic symptoms of the gastrointestinal diseases in childhood. Is discussed in detail the issue of constipation, which can manifest at any time in childhood. Causes of constipation in children is mostly a functional origin, but in the differential diagnosis should always perform a complete examination to exclude other organic causes. The author emphasizes the need for early diagnosis and treatment of most common causes of constipation in childhood.

Screening for hearing loss in newborns - what is the role of pediatricians?

doc.MUDr.Pavel Komínek, Ph.D., MBA, MUDr.Eva Havlíková, MUDr.Renata Poláčková, MUDr.Karol Zeleník, doc.MUDr.Zdeněk Kabelka, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):326-328  

Early detection of hearing loss and consequent early rehabilitation with hearing aids or cochlear implants is crucial for the children’s development and has been demonstrated in many studies. As the result, newborn hearing screening was implemented in many countries worldwide. Hearing screening of all newborns has not been implemented in the Czech Republic yet. The authors summarize their experience with implementation of the hearing screening within last three years in the North Moravia. They focus mainly on issues related to organization of screening. They offer solutions and practical advices on how to proceed in implementing of the...

Significance of dietary and regime measures for prevention of atherosclerosis among children and adolescents

MUDr.Jiří Hyjánek, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):329-331  

Atherosclerosis starts to develop in childhood. It is genetically determined disease with polygenic etiology. Aterogenesis is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. One of the factors with the highest risk for the development of aterogeneisis is hyperlipidemia (dyslipidemia). Laboratory results in children have to be interpreted with caution, so that the values are not underestimated or overestimated. The results of this study clearly demonstrate positive influence of diet on therapy of hyperlipidemia in childhood. As expected the biggest effect was observed in polygenic hyperlipidemia and in combined familial hyperlipoproteinemia...

Loss of a thumb in a teenager: options of management and long-term outcomes

MUDr.Tomáš Kempný, Ph.D., MUDr.Břetislav Lipový, MUDr.Martin Rozprým, MUDr.Alice Hokynková, MUDr.Jana Bartošková, MUDr.Nora Gregorová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):332-334  

The thumb is a very important functional as well as aesthetic component of the hand. Its loss may not only lead to mental deprivation, particularly among children, but also to a marked limitation in the function itself. In recent years, microsurgical techniques have acquired a major role in thumb reconstruction. The present case report describes a case of a traumatic loss of a thumb and its subsequent reconstruction in which, for the purpose of better function and appearance, two free flaps, twisted two toe and serratus anterior musculocutaneous flap, were used.

Neuroblastoma

MUDr.Simona Boráňová, MUDr.Michal Žáčik

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):335-337  

Casuistic presented of a 9-months infant admitted after acute urine retention, obstipation. By visual methods a major tumorose expansion was diagnosed that impacted on larger part of the retroperitonea and a small pelvis from L4 to coccyx, infiltrating the intraspinal space approximately from the L5 level caudally with a growth through the buttocks area on the right. Neuroblastom verified at the catchment area Faculty hospital oncology department, medical treatment, corresponding therapy commenced.

Minikin after mummy?!

MUDr.Jana Grebíková, MUDr.Eva Šipková, Mgr.Oldřich Šipka

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):338-341  

For a boy, long term monitored for a small stature, was at the age of six, surprisingly, confirmed celiac disease. The boy was, even thouhg, investigated by serological screening testing EMA and anti-tTG for four times from the age of two to four. The results of these tests ramained repeatedly negative, although no evidence of IgA deficiency was proved. The diagnosis was worsened by a problematic cooperation with the boy´s family along with the deficiencies in eating habits, unhealthy diet and the rejection of another dispensary in gastroenterology clinic. It is probable, from the examination of family members, that this disease is the cause...

Approach of the Roma and non-Roma mothers to care for newborn

PhDr.Lucie Sikorová, Ph.D., Mgr.Jana Závěšická

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):342-344  

The paper presents an analysis of motives and the frequency of abandonment of newborns by mothers in the maternity hospital. It also compares the approach of the Roma and non-Roma mothers to follow-up care for their newborn. Higher frequency was observed in abandoning the newborn by the Roma mothers, especially on the day of childbirth, usually because of unsecured care of their children at home. The tendency of the Roma mothers to abandon in the maternity hospital another child was higher than in non-Roma mothers. Between the Roma and non-Roma mothers was recorded a significant difference in securing the needs of newborns in the field of nutrition...

Recurrence of cervical lymphangioma after complete surgical eradication

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Mihál, CSc., prof.MUDr.Ivo Stárek, CSc., MUDr.Kamila Michálková, MUDr.Marie Geierová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):346-349  

Lymphatic malformations of head and neck are uncommon causes of cervicofacial rapidly growing expansive process. The need for treatment for these malformations depends on the location and size of lesion. Management of children with large recurrent lymphatic malformation often requires multidisciplinary care involving otolaryngology and interventional radiology. We report a six-year-old patient with congenital severe recurrent lymphangioma and discuss appropriate treatment modality.

Proper care of the scalp in children

MUDr.Helena Michalíková

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(5):350-353  

Children's skin and hair differ from those of adults in many aspects. These differences need to be taken into account when choosing appropriate care. A frequently encountered problem, particularly in infants, is seborrhoeic dermatitis.