Slovo úvodem

Nela Boudová

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):147  

Screening and diagnosis of autism in early childhood

MUDr.Iva Dudová, Ph.D., MUDr.Štěpánka Beranová, prof.MUDr.Michal Hrdlička, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):153-156  

The article presents a summary of autism symptoms in early childhood and comments on increasing prevalence of autism spectrum disorders. Overview of screening and diagnostic methods for autism applicable in very young children is included. A list of warning signs leading to suspicion of autism in first years of life as well as parental screening questionnaire are both attached to the article. They could be useful f or pediatricians in clinical practice.

Lysosomal storage diseases: current diagnostic and therapeutic options (continued)

MUDr.Věra Malinová, doc.MUDr.Tomáš Honzík, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):157-160  

The second part of the paper on lysosomal storage diseases deals with mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), a group of storage diseases that are caused by a deficiency of some of the lysosomal enzymes responsible for the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (acid mucopolysaccharides) that subsequently build up in various organs. The clinical manifestations vary to a great degree; what MPS have in common is progressive nature of the involvement and a very poor prognosis. The mode of inheritance of these diseases is autosomal recessive (except for MPS II – X-linked inheritance). Currently available treatments include enzyme replacement therapy for...

Allergic rhinitis - symptom or disease?

prof.MUDr.Václav Špičák, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):161-164  

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a complex systemic disease with the local nasal and often eyes symptoms. The background of the AR is an eosinophilic inflammation. Prevalence of AR is worldwide increasing. Prevalence in the Czech population is 19 %. New classification of AR was declared by global ARIA initiative 2001 (updated 2010): Intermittent (mild, severe) and persistent (mild, severe). Strategy of the management includes patient education, allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy and specific allergen immunotherapy. Message for praxis: “Allergic rhinitis – early treatment, do not underestimate“.

Psychological development in infants and toddlers: developmental problems and disorders in early childhood - I

PhDr.Daniela Sobotková, CSc., PhDr.Jaroslava Dittrichová, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):167-169  

Early stages of life are very important for later developmental outcomes. Studies in the last decades indicate the importance of sensitive maternal behavior as well as of synchrony interactions between mother and child from the early life for the child neurobehavioral maturation and behavioral regulation. This may contribute to the lowering of developmental problems and disorders. In this article, sleeping problems and disorders, excessive crying, eating disorders, speech and language disorders, hyperkinetic disorders and ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) are discussed. The importance of the available early psychological care...

Dermatomycoses in childhood, diagnostics and therapy

doc.MUDr.Magdalena Skořepová, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):170-172  

The issues of skin and mucosal mycoses in children differ from those in adults. Onychomycosis, a frequent disease in adults, is rare in childhood. The incidence of tinea pedis increases with age, being high in puberty and later. Tinea corporis in our country is caused mainly by zoophilic dermatophytes such as Microsporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Tinea capitis is a dermatophytosis specific for children.

The new possibilities of compounded oral and rectal preparations in pediatrics

PharmDr.Zbyněk Sklenář, Ph.D., MBA, Mgr.Kateřina Horáčková, doc.MUDr.Ondřej Slanař, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):174-176  

This paper offers extemporaneous preparation possibilities of non-sterile dosage forms intended for gastrointestinal application with systemic effect for children in five compounds newly available for magistral preparation in pharmacies. These new substances are domperidon, propranolol hydrochloride, sotalol hydrochloride, promethazine hydrochloride and alpha tocopherol acetate. This increases treatment possibilities with these new substances, and the doses can be customized to the paediatric patient. This article gives brief information about these compounds and presents examples of compounded formulas suitable for use in paediatric practice.

Regurgitation in infancy

MUDr.Vladimír Volf, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):178-181  

The article discusses the basic symptoms of regurgitation and vomiting during infancy, their differential diagnosis and treatment. Causes regurgitaion in infants are usually based on gastroeosophageal reflux, but in the differencial diagnosis should always perform a complete examination to rule out other organic causes. By focusing only on the diagnosis and treatment.

PRES syndrom by the boy with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis

MUDr.Lenka Dvořáková

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):183-186  

In the article is presented the case of a boy with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, by him developed the neurological symptoms of the PRES syndrom.

Neonatal hyperthyroidism

MUDr.Radka Trávníčková, MUDr.Yvona Ptoszková

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):187-188  

There are cases of newborns-siblings with neonatal hyperthyroidism presented, children´s mother underwent the strumectomy for Graves´ disease, but positive antibody titres persist for several years after ablation of thyroid gland. Neonatal hyperthyoidism is very rare condition occuring in about 1 % of children whose mothers suffer from Graves´ disease. It is necessary to diagnose and treat in time, then the prognosis is very good.

Arterial thrombosis in 10-year old girl

MUDr.Barbora Králiková, MUDr.Bohumír Blažek, MUDr.Tomáš Pískovský, doc.MUDr.Michal Hladík, Ph.D., MUDr.Václav Procházka, Ph.D., MUDr.Daniel Czerný, doc.MUDr.Jaroslav Horáček, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):189-191  

Authors present rare case of extensive arterial thrombosis in 10 years old girl. Thrombotic occlusion of all tibial arteries did not respond to any of antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy and due to critical ischemia and related complications called for amputation of lower limb below the knee within 10 days after admission to the hospital. Extensive investigation revealed antiphospholipid syndrome with positivity of anti ds-DNA, anti cardiolipin and anti Beta-2 Glycoprotein-I antibodies as a reason for acute fulminant limb thretaning thrombotic event on the background of incipient systemic lupus erythematosus.

When thrombocytopenia is not immune thrombocytopenic purpura

MUDr.Lucie Sulovská, MUDr.Ivana Stejskalová, MUDr.Hana Flögelová, RNDr.Ingrid Hrachovinová, doc.MUDr.Dagmar Pospíšilová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):192-194  

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (syndrome Moschcowitz, TTP) is a very rare hematological disease in childhood and adolescent age with incidence 1–4 cases/1 milion persons/year. It is characterized by reversible aggregation of thrombocytes in microcirculation, whitch results in tissue and organ ischemia. Clinical symptoms are: skin and mucosal bleeding, anemic syndrome, neurological symptoms, fever and renal involvement. In most cases, TTP starts with rapid onset of symptoms, whitch get worse dramatically in a few hours and with inappropriate treatment can result in organ failure and death. In our case report we present a patient,...

Support of early contact as a standard not to go below: a chimera, or a future reality?

Mgr.Michaela Mrowetz, MUDr.Marcela Peremská

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):201-204  

Continuous contact of mother and child immediately after childbirth is of essential importance for the whole newly formed family and leads to healthy reactions. In the early postpartum period (stages 3 and 4 of labor), unique and unrepeatable hormonal changes occur that, provided there is sustained contact, establish mental and health stability. Continuous skin-to-skin contact between child and mother results in reinforcement of maternal behavior, improved postpartum adaptation and cardiorespiratory stability in the newborn, easier attachment to the breast and rapid onset of lactation as well as reduced postpartum bleeding in the mother, less...

Denver developmental screening test II (DDST-II) for the assessment of the development of pre-school children: pilot study

PhDr.Lucie Sikorová, Ph.D., Petra Benešová

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):206-209  

Among the main activities carried out by paediatric nurse in practitioner’s office for children and adolescents belongs preventive care. Within this care is paediatric nurse qualified to monitor the overall behaviour of the child and assess his psychomotor development. There are developmental turning points, according to which the paediatric nurse may manage during the assessment, but a standardized tool that can be used by nurse to map psychomotor development of the child is not available yet in the Czech form. For this reason was bought the original version of Denver developmental test II, that was translated into Czech language and...

Penetrating chest trauma with a shard of glass

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr.Petra Venháčová, MUDr.Marek Szkorupa, MUDr.Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):199-200  

Chest trauma in childhood is relatively uncommon in clinical practice, and has been the subject of few reports in the literature. Faster and more detailed diagnosis of thoracic injuries has been achieved by computed tomography. The authors describe a 10-years-old boy who fell through a glass panel of door. Thoracoscopic surgery reveald minimal haemothorax from the trauma, lung tissue was not damaged. Shards of glass were removed during a thoracoscopic surgery.

Child accidents involving cleaning and cosmetic products

MUDr.Hana Rakovcová

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):196-198  

Accidents involving household maintenance products and cosmetic products are only second to medication poisoning as the most common reason for consultations on child poisoning provided by the Toxicological Information Center (TIS) in Prague (1,677 accidents in the year 2012). These intoxications tend to be accidental and are particularly associated with the period of toddlerhood. The majority of consultations with the TIS are for ingestion of a foreign substance, rarely for spills or chemical splash in the eye. Child accidents typically involve exposure to a small amount of a cleaning or washing product. The child is not at risk of systemic...

doc. MUDr. Alois Kopecký - 1920-2013

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):186  

Asymmetric periflexural exanthem of childhood (APEC)

MUDr. Eduard Hrnčíř

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(3):195