Problematika císařského řezu z pohledu neonatologa

prof. MUDr. Zbyněk Straňák, CSc., MBA

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 207  

Delivery of a mature and borderline immature newborn by planned caesarean section from the perspective of acute neonatal medicine

MUDr. Ivan Berka

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 210-213 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.043  

Rates of caesarean section has long been rising both abroad and in the Czech Republic. A wide range of causes is cited literally. Themain consequence of delivery by planned caesarean section from the perspective of acute neonatal medicine is an increased risk ofneonatal respiratory morbidity and subsequent complications, including long ‑term. The need for not only careful consideration ofthe benefits and risks for both the mother and the newborn, but also the prevention and anticipation of the development of neonatalrespiratory morbidity is clear.

Chronic inflammation of the middle ear in childhood

MUDr. Klára Perceová, Ph.D., MUDr. Milan Urík, Ph.D., MUDr. Josef Machač

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 216-220 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.044  

Chronic inflammation of the middle ear represents irreversible inflammation of the middle ear lasting longer than 6 weeks.It is a serious illness in children because the primary symptoms are rare and often result in complications. Inflammation mayprogress to more severe forms that endanger the patient with lasting effects, including possible deafness. The aim of thearticle is to introduce chronic middle ear inflammation in children in a clear form, to highlight pediatricians in risk groupsof children and also to what care should be given to these children.

Most commonly occurring skin infections of children in pediatric outpatient department

MUDr. Štěpánka Čapková

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 223-228 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.045  

Bacterial skin infections are some of the most commonly occurring infections of patients which visit pediatric outpatient department.It is important to have a good understanding of the common clinical manifestations and patogens involved in bacterial skin infectionsto be able to manage them approprietely. The classification, etiology and current management of these diseases are presented.

Craniosynostosis – early correct diagnosis, early endoscopic reconstruction

MUDr. Aneta Kubátová, MUDr. Jan Melichar, MUDr. Petr Libý, Mgr. Jana Drnková, MUDr. Miloš Černý

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 229-233 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.046  

Brain tissue growth is enabled by open cranial sutures and anterior and posterior fontanelles. A premature closure of one or moresutures of the skull occurs very rarely, it is called craniosynostosis. It leads to characteristic head deformity. Craniosynostosis leadsnot only to cosmetic defects but also to the reduction of brain development and increase in intracranial and intraocular pressure.Correct diagnosis is often restored late. The advantage of a good early diagnosis is the possibility of endoscopic remodelationwhich is less risk than standard open operation. This article is about craniosynostosis and it is supplemented...

The quality of care for women from the prenatal to postnatal period – questionnaire survey

Mgr. Martina Vanečková, prof. PhDr. Andrea Pokorná, Ph.D., PhDr. Vlasta Dvořáková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 234-237 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.047  

Woman experience with perinatal care is a topic which is being increasingly discussed in scientific literature. This is reflected in the growing number of tools by which the patient experience can be assessed. Providing safe, high-quality medical care belongs to the priorities in the field of public healthcare. Our research has thus focused on the experience of mothers with the perinatal care in the Czech Republic and its assessment using a standardized questionnaire „PreMaPEQ“ (Pregnancy and Maternity care Patient’s Experiences Questionnaire) developed in Norway. The findings reveal that women in the dataset (n = 246) were overall...

Atopic eczema of children in a psychosocial context

PhDr. Iveta Ondriová, PhD., PhDr. Terézia Fertaľová, PhD., PhDr. Lívia Hadašová, PhD.

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 238-240 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.048  

Atopic eczema is a polygene, genetic condition of severely itchy, chronic or chronically recurrent inflammatory disease of the skin.It is a chronic disease that has a negative impact on the social and the relationships and self-conception of the sick individual. Theauthors describe the issue of selected psychosocial aspects in atopic eczema.

Prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and their role in allergy prevention

MUDr. Nabil El-Lababidi

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 241-246 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.049  

Allergic diseases are a global health problem. Their prevalence is on the rise and their first manifestations are dropping to lower age categories. The ideal prevention of allergy development is exclusive breastfeeding for the first 4 months of life. In cases when breastfeeding is not possible, baby milk formulas with partially hydrolysed cow´s milk protein may be beneficial. Clear evidence for their usage in allergy prevention is, however, limited. The effect of adding prebiotics and probiotics into these formulas was studied separately and is regarded as proven. Nowadays, the major research focus is on the effect of adding synbiotics into these formulas....

Gastroenteritis in a female patient with Harlequin ichthyosis

MUDr. Blanka Pinková, Mgr. Romana Borská, doc. RNDr. Lenka Fajkusová, MUDr. Dana Dostálková, MUDr. Hana Bučková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 248-250 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.076  

Hereditary ichthyoses are among rare diseases. They are a very heterogeneous group of diseases manifested by dry, rough, andscaly skin. In all forms of ichthyoses, there is an impairment of the skin barrier to a varying degree. Congenital ichthyoses arecaused by various gene mutations. Clinical manifestations of the individual types of ichthyoses change with the patient’s age.Harlequin ichthyosis is one of the most severe types of the disease. The authors describe unexpected complications resultingfrom an alimentary error that ultimately led to severe hepatopathy which required treatment in a specialized centre.

Complications of a deep electrical burn of the fingers in a two-year-old boy

MUDr. Jana Bartošková, MUDr. Radomír Mager, MUDr. Břetislav Lipový, MUDr. Ivan Suchánek, MUDr. Jakub Holoubek

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 252-254 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.050  

Hands are an integral part of our lives. However, if the balance of functional-anatomical components of the hand is impaired,what can be affected is not only their development, but also the psychosocial development of the individual itself. The presentcase report deals with electrical injury in a toddler in whom the current flow resulted in deep burns in the fingers and palm ofthe left hand, a facial burn, and a short episode of unconsciousness. The article describes acute treatment as well as subsequenttherapy, rehabilitation care, and complications that developed during the course of treatment.

Comparison of tools assessing pain in preschool children and young school‑
aged children in the Czech Republic and other countries

Mgr. Tereza Dušičková, Mgr. Kristýna Toumová, prof. PhDr. Valérie Tóthová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 261-264 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.053  

As pain is a subjective feeling, it is difficult to find an assessment tool. Moreover, in the children's population this fact can beamplified by an inadequate verbal communication. Pain can be assessed by self report, behavioral reactions, the body reactionsto pain or by the combination of the above mentioned aspects (multidimensional pain assessment). In the Czech Republic aremost often used Visual analogue scale (VAS), Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) and Faces Pain Scale–Revised (FPS-R).While abroad are frequently used connections of more than one kind of scale.

The effect of Buzzy and other distraction methods to reduce pain intensity in paediatric blood sampling

doc. PhDr. Lucie Sikorová, Ph.D., Mgr. Petra Bartošíková

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 265-268 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.054  

Pain is a subjective experience that is associated with an unpleasant experience of anxiety, fear and biopsychosocial suffering of the child. The perception, experience and evaluation of painful experiences subsequently influence the way how they cope with painful situations not only in the doctor´s surgery, but also during hospitalization. Health care professionals are able to address these painful situations by appropriate non-pharmacological methods and teach children that painful situations can be effectively managed. A paediatric nurse may use non-pharmacological pain control methods to alleviate procedural pain. One of the most successful methods...

Fracture of both the forearm bones of the bowing fracture character

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr. Jaromír Freiwald, MUDr. Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 255-257 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.051  

A six-year-old girl, after tripping over running and falling on her outstretched left hand, experienced severe pain with a significantlimitation of limb momentum. Both bones of the forearm showed a distinct arcuate deformity, visible in pronation and supination.The radiologist described the X-ray arched deformation of both forearm bones without finding a fracture line. A diagnosis of bowingfracture was made and after the reduction of angulation under general anesthesia the left hand was fixed with a high plaster bandage.

Functional digestive disorders, phytotherapy by preparation STW 5 (Iberogast®)

MUDr. Vít Navrátil

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 270-274  

Dyspepsia is one of the most common cause of visiting a pharmacy or a physician. It is a heterogenous group of unpleasant symptoms concerning the digestive tract, abdomen, intake of food and bowel movement. Subject of the first part of the article is a brief review of digestive disorders, especially functional disorders, and a brief classification of them. Moreover it contains a summary of treatment possibilities. STW 5 (Iberogast®) is a fixed herbal combination product, available as a over-the-counter medicine. It is an effective, safe and well tolerated medicine. The second part of the article concerns with composition and data summary about...

Chlapec se srdcem na pravém místě a orgány na rozdávání

MUDr. Martin Gregora

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 259-260 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.052  

Early -life nutrition and lifelong health: immediate and long -lasting impacts of probiotics, vitamin D, and breastfeeding

MUDr. Pavel Frühauf, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(4): 276-278  

The nutritional environment from conception to early infancy and the offspring’s immediate and lifelong health, with a particularfocus on vitamin D, probiotics and breastfeeding.