Proč mají děti číst?

PhDr. Václav Mertin

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):3  

Serious courses of influenza in the season 2018/2019 in Prague

MUDr. Zdeňka Jágrová

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):9-11 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.001  

Influenza makes every year GP´s waiting rooms completely full. Influenza is the only infection with pandemic potential, it recurs every year and affects children more often than adults. In the Czech Republic vaccination of children against influenza is not widely used, although it has a significant protective effect. Casuistics in the text point out the risk of disease. Even in children, the illness may end up fatal.

The Pneumococcus - Innocent colonizer or invasive enemy?

MUDr. Zuzana Vančíková, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):12-16 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.008  

Human beings develop in continual contact with microorganisms. 1-3% of our weight is the mass of microbes we harbor on our mucosas and our organs. The scientific name for them is "microbiota". They have substantial impact on development of our immunity, metabolism, neurological and other functions (1). Their influence on macroorganism is mostly positive, but sometimes they can also cause infection. This balance depends on multiple host and microbe factors. The Pneumococcus normally colonizes nasopharynx of majority of healthy preschool children, but it can also cause invasive infection. Effective prevention of pneumococcal colonization and infection...

Rhabdomyolysis in children

MUDr. Jan David, Ph.D., MUDr. Michaela Šibíková, doc. MUDr. Filip Fencl, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):17-21 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.009  

In pediatric population, the prevalence of rhabdomyolysis is unknown. A clinical manifestation is wide - from asymptomatic to life-threatening. The intracellular components leakage from disintegrated muscle into the circulation is associated with the risk of myoglobinuria and acute kidney injury, hypovolaemia and mineral dysbalances. The article presents etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic procedure and therapy of rhabdomyolysis in children.

Diagnosis and treatment of constipation in children with urological conditions

MUDr. Marcel Drlík, FEAPU

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):22-26 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.010  

Constipation has a negative effect on bladder emptying and is thus associated with a higher incidence of lower urinary tract dysfunctions and recurrent urinary infections. Treatment of constipation, both functional and organic, should therefore represent an integral part of the care of patients with urological conditions. The treatment of functional constipation is primarily the responsibility of the paediatrician. This article aids to summarize the diagnosis and treatment of constipation in children in the light of the latest recommendations.

The treatment of flu and common cold in children and drug review

PharmDr. Klára Bechná

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):27-33 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.011  

Influenza and common colds are infectious diseases affecting all age groups of the population, especially in the colder months of the year. Symptoms such as elevated temperature, pain, cough and rhinitis can be observed in both diseases, varying in intensity and character. In uncomplicated cases, the treatment of flu and cold symptoms is symptomatic.

Atopic dermatitis, part I - ethiopathogenesis, atopic march

doc. MUDr. Jarmila Čelakovská, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):34-38 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.002  

Atopic dermatitis together with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis belong to the so-called atopic diseases. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, itchy, inflammatory skin disease. Genetic predispositions, abnormal immune response and skin barrier defect are implicated in the etiopathogenesis of this disease. The course of the disease is influenced by environmental factors (such as food and inhalation allergens, infectious agents, mechanical and chemical stimuli), internal influences (hormonal influences, stress). Interest in this disease is steadily increasing, due to its increasing prevalence and adversely affecting the quality of life. The article...

Devastating eye trauma caused by a jet of water from fire hose

MUDr. Martina Sklenářová, MUDr. Jan Němčanský, Ph.D., MBA, doc. MUDr. Michal Hladík, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):41-44 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.003  

Eye trauma includes a wide spectrum of eye tissue injuries often resulting in severe visual impairment or even complete vision loss. This case describes an episode of a female patient with serious injuries to both eyes caused by a jet of water from fire hose during her voluntary fire brigade training session.

Noonan syndrom with multiple lentigines and congenital myotonic dystrophy type 1 in a newborn

MUDr. Tereza Pomahačová, doc. MUDr. Jiří Dort, Ph.D., MUDr. Martin Matas, MUDr. Monika Kepková, MUDr. Alice Mocková, Ph.D., MUDr. Michal Huml, Ph.D., MUDr. Ivan Šubrt, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):45-48 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.012  

The paper describes a case study of a rare combination of the two above-mentioned genetic syndromes with familial incidence (Fig. 4) diagnosed prenatally in a newborn with a complicated perinatal history. The actual case report and the attached photographic documentation emphasize the presence of typical clinical symptoms for individual diseases.

Cause of hypercalcaemia in a boy with a history of hypertension and bone cyst

MUDr. Jarmila Vojtková, PhD., MUDr. Alena Szökeová, MUDr. Miroslava Brndiarová, PhD., MUDr. Katarína Motyková, PhD., prof. MUDr. Peter Bánovčin, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):49-53 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.004  

The authors present a case report of a 17-year-old boy with hypertension and a history of metacarpal bone cyst. Hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia and high concentration of parathormon was found, so the diagnose of primary hyperparathyroidism was supposed. Scintigraphy and CT investigation revealed probable adenoma of parathyroid gland in ectopic localization in superior front mediastinum. This diagnosis was confirmed histologicaly after thoracoscopic resection of tumour. Until surgery, hypercalcemia was treated by hyperhydratation, loop diuretics, bisphosphonate and cinacalcet. After parathyreidectomy, "hungry bone syndrome" with hypocalcemia appeared,...

Influencing factors of diaper rash in infants

PhDr. Kristina Janoušková, doc. PhDr. Lucie Siková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):60-62 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.007  

Diaper rash are the most common skin problem of newborn and infant age. Prevention, education of parents and quality treatment are important in the first place. The aim of our investigation was to determine the influencing factors of diaper rash. For this purpose, the method of quantitative research through the scale of evaluation and structured interview was used. The Scoring System for Diaper Dermatitis Scale was used to assess the risk of diaper rash (6). The research sample consisted of 122 (100 %) infants. Diaper rash occurred in 33 % of infants. The association between diaper rash and age, nutrition, frequency of urination and faeces or the type...

Penetrating wrist injury with a wooden fragment

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr. Lenka Bakaj‑Zbrožková, Ph.D., MUDr. Petr Kamínek, Ph.D., MUDr. Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):56-59 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.006  

Penetrating injuries to the hand by a foreign body are less common in childhood. If bodies are not found and removed immediately after the injury, they can lead to lengthy and complicated treatment. The authors present a case of penetrating wrist injury with wood splinter in a six-year-old boy which was in recurrence of inflammation diagnosed and surgically removed after five years after the original accident.

The development in the composition of infant formulas with regard to the latest scientific findings

MUDr. Jan Boženský

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):63-66 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.013  

The early stages of life are a period of rapid growth and development. From the first day of pregnancy until 2 years of age, the so called "first 1,000 days", nutrition has a key impact on optimal physical growth and body composition, cognitive development, immune maturation,development of the gastrointestinal system and development of healthy appropriate eating habits. Breast milk is the best source of nutrition for all infants and breastfeeding has numerous short- and long-term benefits for both, infants and mothers . Intense research on human milk and lactation over the last decades resulted into major innovations in infant formula. Nutricia's new...

Acanthosis nigricans

prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr. Jana Šťastná, Ph.D., MUDr. Jan Papež, MUDr. Petra Konečná, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2020;21(1):54-55 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2020.005