Změní globální pandemie naše priority?

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):3  

Severe complication of COVID-19 in children: Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome

MUDr. Jan David, Ph.D., MUDr. Michaela Šibíková, MUDr. Jakub Jonáš, MUDr. Veronika Stará, MUDr. Hana Malcová, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Filip Fencl, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):8-11 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2021.001  

Although the SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19), caused by beta coronavirus is highly contagious; paediatric patients represent only a small proportion of all diagnosed patients. However, the incidence of unusual clinical features related to an abnormal systemic immune response with multi-organ damage has attracted attention. This has been reported as a paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporarily associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS). The article presented below is based on recent published studies and is devoted to the aetiology, symptomatology, diagnostic procedure and therapy of this new disease.

Current therapeutic options of erdosteine

Marek Lapka

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):12-15  

Erdosteine belongs to the commonly used mucolytic. The mechanism of action of this substance lies in regulating the mucus viscosity, its formation and also mucociliary transport. However, the peculiarity of erdosteine consists in its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect. The article discusses these characteristics in the context of current information with a focus also on the paediatric population.

Tracheostomy in children - adequate care is basis for risk minimalization

MUDr. Michal Jurovčík, MUDr. Manuela Bodláková, MUDr. Lucie Gernertová, MUDr. Jiří Skřivan, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):16-20 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2021.003  

The issue of pediatric tracheostomy is usually adressed in a multidisciplinary manner. In addition to otorhinolaryngologists, they are mainly anesthesiologists, pediatricians, surgeons, pneumologists, neurologists, but also physioterapists. The care of a tracheostomized child differs from caring of an adult in many ways. The proper implementation is essential for patient safety. Significant inconsistencies are noted across different fields in the fundamental procedures of care of tracheostomized pediatric patients. Cannula replacement interval, suitable cannula type for individual situations and other are typical examples. An increase in the extended...

Practical insight into CoMiSS^TM questionnaire usage in diagnosing cow´s milk protein allergy in the general practitioner´s setting

MUDr. Kateřina Bajerová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):21-25 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2021.004  

The cow´s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the most frequent allergy of infants and toddlers. It is important to early recognize the suspected patient and if indicated, start the challenge test. To help the medical professional to identify the allergy risk experts invented the Cow´s Milk Related Symptom Score (CoMiSS^TM). The questionnaire gives a relevant overview of CMPA symptoms´ intensity and helps to work out the CMPA correctly. We bring two cases to demonstrate the usefulness of CoMiSS^TM in clinical practice.

Primary immunodeficiency - diagnostics and treatment

doc. MUDr. Pavlína Králíčková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):26-31 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2021.005  

The paper presents a basic overview of diagnostics and treatment of primary immunodeficiency with emphasis on 10 warning signs and possibility of neonatal screening. There are listened basic modalities of treatment including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, gene therapy, immunoglobulin substitution therapy and antibiotic prophylaxis.

Skin conditions in newborns

MUDr. Jana Kopuletá, MUDr. Blanka Pinková, MUDr. Hana Bučková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):32-39  

The skin of newborn is due to its structure and limited functionality significantly more susceptible to physical damage, transepidermal water loss, infection and thermoregulatory dysregulation. Many newborns suffer from neonatal skin changes, which are frequent problems in pediatrician´s or dermatologist´s offices. In this article, the authors focuse on common skin changes, describes clinical features and therapy. There is also mentioned the importance of differentiating transient skin changes from more serious infectious diseases or genodermatosis.

Acute upper respiratory tract infections and its management

prof. MUDr. Miloš Jeseňák, Ph.D., MBA, MHA, FAAAAI, doc. PharmDr. Daniela Mináriková, PhD., MSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):42-48 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2021.007  

Acute upper respiratory tract (URT) infections are the most common diseases in which assisted self-medication is used with active participation of pharmacists. The article describes clinical signs and differential diagnosis of acute URT infections. The basis of rational management is early immunomodulatory treatment using support of body´s own natural antiviral immune mechanisms, symptomatic treatment, hygiene of the nasal mucosa together with regime and general hygiene measures. Zinc has complex immunomodulatory and antiviral effects.

Specifics of risky sexual behavior of adolescents and possibilities of its prevention

PaedDr. Štefan Petrík, PhD.

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):49-53 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2021.008  

The study deals specifies of risky sexual behavior in adolescents. Despite the seriousness of this problem of risky sexual behavior, we perceive that it is not currently receiving adequate attention, for this reason, we present in the paper research focused on specifies of risky sexual behavior of adolescents and its prevention.

Kawasaki disease associated with Covid-19 - two cases

MUDr. Luděk Ryba, MUDr. Pavel Rozsíval

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):54-58 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2021.009  

We present two case reports that demonstrate the link between coronavirus SARS‑CoV-2 and Kawasaki disease.

Macro-AST as a cause of isolated increase of aspartate aminotransferase in an asymptomatic patient

MUDr. Markéta Veverková, MUDr. Jakub Pecl, MUDr. Tereza Pinkasová, MUDr. Zdeňka Čermáková, Ph.D., MUDr. Petr Jabandžiev, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):59-61 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2021.010  

The macroenzyme of aspartate aminotransferase (macro-AST) is one of the causes of the isolated increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST). We present a case report of a well-thriving girl with an accidentally detected persistent isolated AST elevation. A detailed laboratory analysis revealed this was due to an elevation of serum AST based on circulating macro-AST without the presence of another organic disease.

Acute cor pulmonale - current complications of cystic fibrosis

MUDr. Marcela Kreslová, Ph.D., MUDr. Adéla Skalická, MUDr. Veronika Schwarzová, MUDr. Zuzana Horková, MUDr. Jiří Bejček, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Josef Sýkora, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):62-66 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2021.011  

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a severe age-progressive autosomal recessively inherited multiorgan disease. The essence of the therapeutic approach to patients with CF is the effort to maximally compensate for the underlying disease, prevention and early treatment of complications. Acute exacerbations of the underlying disease or pneumonia are a common cause of respiratory deterioration, but it is also necessary to look for the rarer causes of dyspnea as a differential diagnosis. CF is one of the diseases with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. The most common cardiovascular complication is cor pulmonale. Since adolescence, pulmonary embolism has been...

Bezoars in childhood

MUDr. Žanna Randarevič

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):67-68 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2021.012  

The author presents a case report of a 14-year-old girl with an accidental finding of resistance in her left lower abdomen. The cause was quite rare extreme form of trichobezoar. The article covers the etiology, clinical picture, complications, diagnosis and treatment of bezoars.

Development of multifocal osteonecrosis of both ankles in a adolescent boy during the aggressive treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr. Zbyněk Novák, MUDr. Petr Kamínek, Ph.D., MUDr. Jan Hrbek, MUDr. Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):69-72 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2021.013  

Osteonecrosis (ON) is a significant complication of aggressive chemotherapy in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We present a 13-year-old- boy with ALL complicated during maintenance therapy by ON of bilateral tibiae and tali. He was dignosed as having high risk ALL according to the criteria of AIEOP-BFM ALL 2009 protocol. During maintenance treatment (week 59), he began complaining of pain around both ankles. Magnetic resonance imaging study demonstrated osteonecroses of bilateral tibiae and tali. Nonweight-bearing over 1 year led to stabilization of osteonecrotic lesions. He had most of the recently identified risk...

Results of a multicenter clinical observation: Concentrix® and its use in patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

MUDr. Michaela Habalová, Mgr. Anna Marie Jičínská, Mgr. Veronika Gondžová, Mgr. Nela Nováková, RNDr. Tomáš Pavlík, Ph.D., Bc. Monika Mazalová, MUDr. Hana Medřická, MBA, Mgr. Dana Chmelařová, doc. MUDr. Hana Ošlejšková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2021;22(1):73-78  

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood. The clinical symptoms vary with the age of a child. The diagnosis is established by the presence of core symptoms, ie. attention deficit, hyperactivity and impulsivity. The therapy of the disease is multidisciplinary, using regime adjustment, psychotherapy and pharmacological approaches. Based on ethiopathogenesis, which is complex, the use of new nutritional supplements is being tested, in an effort to reduce clinical symptoms. This trend is probably due to the detection of changes in lipid profiles in the nervous system in patients with Attention...