Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):12-18 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.002

Differential diagnosis of chronic cough

MUDr. Václav Koucký, Ph.D.

Pediatrická klinika FN Motol, Praha

A chronic cough is defined by its duration (more than 4-8 weeks). It is a relatively common symptom in children and requires careful evaluation, as it may indicate a serious chronic disease. The examination procedure is primarily based on a detailed evaluation of the patient's history and a physical examination, during which we look for symptoms pointing to a specific cause of the cough, or clearly defined disease. The second-line tests are chosen individually based on the suspected etiology of cough arising from the first-line examinations. Among the additional examinations, chest X-ray, spirometry with bronchomotor tests, sputum examination and allergy tests are the most important. The treatment of chronic cough should target its underlying cause/disease. Non-targeted use of anti-asthmatic, anti-reflux and anti-allergic treatment for chronic cough has little chance of success. However, in carefully selected situations (e. g. dry cough in relationship to the environment and allergen exposure or viral infections - suspected cough variant asthma) therapeutic test with antiasthmatic medication may be helpful. Evaluation of the treatment effect must be performed after 8-12 weeks to avoid ineffective use of long-term medication.

Keywords: cough, chronic cough, specific cough, chronic respiratory disease.

Accepted: February 12, 2024; Published: February 19, 2024  Show citation