Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(6):378-383 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.072

Salivary biomarkers of dental caries

prof. MUDr. Vlasta Merglová, CSc.
Stomatologická klinika Fakultní nemocnice a Lékařské fakulty v Plzni, Univerzita Karlova v Praze

Dental caries is one of the most common chronic infectious diseases of childhood. In addition to excessive sugar intake and presence of dental microbial plaque, other risk factors related to dental caries are the composition of hard dental tissues and saliva. Saliva can reflect the physiological and pathological state of the oral cavity and plays a crucial role in the initiation of dental caries and protection against dental caries. Many measurable characteristics of saliva are potential biomarkers for dental caries - salivary flow rate, salivary pH, buffering capacity, evaluation of the presence and amount of cariogenic bacteria. The major salivary components are water and various, inorganic and organic substances. The most important organic components of saliva comprise antibacterial peptides, salivary glycoproteins, salivary proteins and proteins with enzymatic activity. These substances can serve as a source of biomarkers for caries risk assessment. Salivary biomarkers may be exploited for the prediction, diagnosis, prognosis and management of dental caries, as well as for evaluating the outcome of therapeutic regimens. Future research is essential to characterize the interaction of salivary proteins, and determine how these affect the initiation and development of dental caries.

Keywords: dental caries, saliva, salivary peptides, salivary proteins, caries risk assessment.

Accepted: December 10, 2024; Published: December 31, 2024  Show citation

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Merglová V. Salivary biomarkers of dental caries. Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(6):378-383. doi: 10.36290/ped.2024.072.
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