Pediatrics for Practice, 2010, issue 3

Editorial

Děloha na leasing

MUDr. Radkin Honzák, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):143

Review articles

Paediatric dermatitides in summertime

MUDr.Štěpánka Čapková

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):150-153

The author presents an overview of paediatric dermatitides most commonly encountered by the paediatric dermatologist and general paediatrician in the summertime. One group consists of common skin diseases whose frequent occurrence is due to warm summer conditions and children staying outdoors (impetigo, skin borreliosis, trombiculosis, cercarial dermatitis, reaction to insect bites). The other group includes dermatitides the occurrence of which is related to travel, staying by the sea or excessive sun exposure (contact eczema after henna tattooing, local reactions after contact with jellyfish, solar dermatitis, photodermatitides). stings,...

Current treatment of allergic rhinitis

MUDr.Eva Vernerová

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):154-157

The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) in children has been estimated to be approximately 40 %, almost half of them becoming symptomatic by age 6 years. Incidence of allergic rhinitis is increasing and the disease is commonly overlooked because it is often mistaken for recurrent upper respiratory infections. The majority of individuals with AR can be succesfully treated with antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids and allergen immunotherapy. The treatment of AR improves the quality of life and potentially reduce the development of asthma and other complications.

Disorders of innate immunity in children

prof.MUDr.Anna Šedivá, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):158-161

Review article summarizes new knowledge gained over the last decade elucidating mechanisms of innate immune response. New emerging diseases were identified. Among these, several categories are covered, namely disorders in TLR (Toll like receptors) system, increased susceptibility to mycobacterial infections, periodic fevers, and autoinflammatory syndromes.

Probiotics in pediatric practice

MUDr.Jiří Bronský, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):162-164

Probiotics are live microorganisms which – applied in appropriate amount – positively influence health status of the recipient. Main mechanism of their effect is the influence on intestinal mucosal barrier and host immune response. It is necessary to consider effect of specific probiotic strain in a specific clinical situation by Evidence-based medicine. From this point of view, positive effect has been shown in Lactobacillus GG, Lactobacillus reuteri, Enterococcus faecium or Saccharomyces boulardii. Positive effect of probiotics is proven in patients with necrotising enterocolitis, infectious and post-antibiotic diarrhoea, in the...

Children mastocytosis

MUDr.Renata Faberová, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Josef Feit, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):166-168

Children mastocytosis are mostly benign diseases. They are characterized by mast cell accumulation in skin. They also can be in various organs and tissues. Most frequently they are in gastrointestinal tract. Different to adult patients, children systemic mastocytosis are rare. Prognosis is very good and it has determination to adolescence spontaneous regression. Defect of organs is frequent by adult patients, therefore continuance and prognosis are more significant.

Renal involvement in Henoch - Schönlein purpura

MUDr.Jakub Zieg, MUDr.Sylva Skálová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):169-171

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most common vasculitis of childhood with skin, joint, gastrointestinal and renal symptoms. Although most features are self-limiting, renal involvement can be permanent and is a major factor of long-term prognosis. Currently there are no effective measures to prevent the onset of HSP nephritis, and similarly no commonly accepted therapeutic guidelines exist. Early recognition of renal involvement together with long term follow-up are essential for patient prognosis.

Childrens allergic diseases of the eye

MUDr.Pavel Sušický, MUDr.Josef Richter, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):172-173

Allergy symptoms that affect the eyes are common in adults and children worldwide, and are often associated with nasal allergy symptoms, prompting the term rhinoconjuctivitis to describe the condition. Allergy is common hypersensitivity disorder that affects 20 % to 40 % of the population in the western world and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. A variety of prevention and treatment option exist to control ocular allergy symptoms. Ocular allergy is underdiagnosed and has significant impact on the life of the pacient. It is vital to reach a better understanding of ocular alergic mechanisms and inflamation, which may lead to improved treatment.

Gender identity disorders in the childhood and adolescence

prof.PhDr.Petr Weiss, Ph.D., MUDr.Hana Fifková

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):174-176

Authors describe the concepts of sex on the chromosomal, gonadal, and psychological level. They define sexual identity and its external expression – the gender role. They provide the basic diagnostical criteria for the diagnosis gender identity disorder in childhood and adolescence and the possible forms of this disturbance.

Rotavirus gastroenteritis, vaccination

doc.MUDr.Petr Pazdiora, CSc., MUDr.Jana Táborská, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):177-181

The review of etiology of infectious diarrhea in infants and children is focused on rotavirus as the most common cause of these diseases. The author introduces into the epidemiology and pathogenesis of rotavirus gastroenteritis. The necessity of early recognition of features of severe dehydration is emphasized and current therapeutic possibilities are described. The warning of a risk of nosocomial rotavirus infection is accompanied with preventive control measures used in a hospital. Recommendations for diagnosis and therapy of rotavirus gastroenteritis, knowledge about the use of the vaccination are summarized.

Paliative care in children with cancer

MUDr.Petr Lokaj

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):183-185

The following pages focus on problems that are encountered while taking care of children and teenagers in the last stages of their illness and suggest this solution. The problems are lined up in alphabetical order not according percent occurence or importance.

Case report

Measurement of exhaled nitric oxid in children influenced speleotherapeutic and phytotherapeutic regime

MUDr.Vladimír Svozil, MUDr.Josef Richter, MUDr.Jaromír Bertlik, RNDr.Vlastimil Král, CSc., Ing.Iva Stiborová, MUDr.Josef Mašláň, MUDr.Rudolf Odehnal, MUDr.Miloš Verner, MUDr.Ludovít Filo, MUDr.Stanislava Richterová, Mgr.Lucie Rajnohová-Dobiášová

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):186-189

Measurement of exhaled NO levels have been used to monitory of the effect of speleotherapy (127 children) and complex (speleotherapy and phytotherapy) regime (97 children) exposed to verry low levels of contaminanc on fair pollution leads to improving of the eNO levels. This effect has been more powerful in the group of children with speleotherapy and phytotherapy.

Panuveitis and aspergillus inflammation in pulmonary sequestration - exist some relevance?

doc.MUDr.Michal Hladík, Ph.D., MUDr.Veronika Křivská, MUDr.Jana Čermáková, MUDr.Tomáš Pískovský, MUDr.Pavel Šmehlík, MUDr.Dalibor Cholevík, MUDr.Petr Mašek, CSc., MUDr.Marcel Mitták, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):190-192

The authors present a rare case report of 17-years-old girl. The problems started with panuveitis of the right eye treated with corticosteroids, envolved with refractery progressive right bronchopneumonia despite of aggressive antibiotic therapy. The CT scan shows an inflammatory destruction in right pulmonary lobe described like pulmonary gangrene, that required a surgical treatment. Perioperative findings confirmed an intralobar pulmonary sequestration. Aspergillus fumigatus was by cultivation and as well as microscopically identified. Although massive treatment with antibiotics, antimycotics and corticosteroids was administered, non-operative...

For nurses

Top ten steps in treating nappy rash in newborns and infants

MUDr.Renáta Kolářová, MUDr.Hana Wiedermannová

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):196-198

The skin of newborns and infants is prone to the formation of nappy rash at certain sites. Proper treatment of nappy rash at the onset is the best way to prevent the development of complications.

Clinicoradiological diagnosis

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma as a cause of inguinal lymphadenomegaly syndrome

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr.Kamila Michálková, MUDr.Radim Formánek, doc.MUDr.Martin Tichý, CSc., MUDr.Zbyněk Novák, doc.MUDr.Dagmar Pospíšilová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):194-195

The authors present a case report of 3 year-old patient with anaplastic large cell lymphoma presenting with inguinal lymphomegaly. Morphologic, immunohistologic and cytogenetic analysis of lymphoid tissue confirmed diagnosis of ALCL with CD30 and ALK1 positivity.

What is your diagnosis?

Čtrnáctiletá obézní dívka s akutní břišní příhodou a s normálním nálezem na apendixu

MUDr.Josef Gut, MUDr.Marek Urbanec, MUDr.Karol Chrenko

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):193

Jaká je vaše diagnóza? Odpovědi

MUDr. Josef Gut

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):200

Prehospital emergency care

Treatment of common viper bite in childhood

MUDr.Jiří Valenta

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):201-203

The incidence of common viper bites in the Czech Republic is within the range of tens of cases per year, with children being mostly affected. Envenomation occurs in only about half of the cases; it is mostly mild with a local finding and GIT or vegetative symptomatology. In a few cases yearly, however, more severe envenomation occurs with formation of extensive oedema, circulatory complications or compromised renal function, which requires symptomatic treatment and treatment with an antiserum. The paper briefly summarizes the toxinological information, clinical signs and treatment of envenomation by the common viper including the indications...

Information

Cooperation pediatrists with assesment service in assessing dependence grade of persons under 18

MUDr.Jaroslava Koščálová

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(3):204

The article is about cooperation pediatrists with assessment physicians in assessing dependence grade of persons under 18 above all about filling Medical findings for assessing health condition. children´s under 18 dependence.