Slovo úvodem

prof. MUDr. Josef Koutecký, DrSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):131  

Varicella complications in children

MUDr.Renata Kračmarová

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):137-140 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.031  

Varicella (chickenpox) is a common infectious disease of childhood. Primary varicella zoster virus infection appears most often in children and the course of the disease is usually benign. Complications can be expected in well known risk groups – adults, newborns and infants, immunocompromised patients and during pregnancy – even though in otherwise healthy child the course of varicella may be complicated. A higher incidence of pneumonia is typical for risk group patients. A secondary bacterial infection of skin lesions (usually streptococcal or staphylococcal) presents another serious complication that may lead to focal soft tissue...

Developmental dysplasia of the hip

MUDr. Mgr. Monika Frydrychová, MUDr. Michaela Kassaiová, MUDr. Robert Jůzek, doc.MUDr. Jiří Chomiak, CSc., prof.MUDr. Pavel Dungl, DrSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):141-145 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.032  

Since eighties of 20th century the great progress of the diagnostics and treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hips is noted due to the ultrasound examination of newborns. The most of children, even if the most severe findings, is possible to treat in non-resident mode with success, regarding proper use of abduction devices and early diagnosis. The hips, which are dislocated and muscular contracture is developed, are indicated for gentle and phased traction, so far without any severe consequences like is aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. The cases of residual dysplasia are solved by surgical procedures because of early onset of arthrosis...

How to diagnose and treat hypophosphatasia

doc.MUDr.Zdeněk Šumník, Ph.D., MUDr.Ondřej Souček, Ph.D., prof.MUDr.Jan Lebl, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):146-149 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.033  

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare disease caused by insufficient production of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Main symptoms of HPP are skeletal demineralisation and severe extraskeletal complications, i.e. respiratory failure, seizures, craniosynostosis, nephrocalcinosis or developmental delay. Diagnostics of HPP is simple, based on low serum ALP accompanied by clinical symptoms. Enzymatic substitution with recombinant ALP, which completely changed life prognosis of the most severe patients, is available since 2015. This review summarizes current knowledge on aetiology, forms, diagnostics and therapy with a special attention on the role of paediatrician...

Autism spectrum disorders - part 1

doc. MUDr. Iva Dudová, Ph.D., Mgr. Markéta Mohaplová

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):151-153 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.034  

Part 1 of the review article on autism spectrum disorders discusses the new tasks faced by physicians and psychologists who are involved in the diagnostic and therapeutic process in children with these disorders. It informs of the increase in prevalence and provides possible explanations for this epidemiological trend. Current information on the aetiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders and on the results of neuroimaging studies is summarised. The association between the development of autism spectrum disorders and vaccination is reported as unconfirmed. The clinical presentation of childhood and atypical autism and of Asperger syndrome...

The use of Imunoglukan P4H® cream in supportive treatment of atopic eczema

doc.MUDr.Miloš Jeseňák, PhD., Mgr.Andrea Vrtíková

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):154-156 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.035  

Atopic eczema (AE) is one of the most frequent chronic skin disorders in childhood. Essential therapy of atopic eczema can be appropriately supported by natural topical immunomodulator containing the complex of biologically active polysaccharides – Imunoglukan®, which efficacy and safety have been confirmed in the recently completed open-label observational study ATREI.

Preoperative examination in children

MUDr.Petr Vojtíšek

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):158-162 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.036  

Perioperative medicine is a developing multidisciplinary field. Collaboration of various specialities is required for safe preparation and management of anaesthesia. From the perspective of an anaesthesiologist, it is important to classify surgical procedures into groups according to the surgical risk. Based on this risk, the extent of the preoperative examination is determined. The pre-anaesthetic examination is typically performed at an anaesthesiology ward. Following the assessment of the patient’s internal status, the anaesthesiologist will evaluate the anaesthesia risk and inform both the patient and the family of the plan of anaesthesiology...

Summertime and children’s skin from the perspective of a general practitioner

MUDr. Veronika Tolašová, MUDr. Miroslav Kobsa, MBA

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):163-170 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.037  

The article deals with summertime in relation to children, describing the effect of sunlight on the children’s skin, presenting some summertime dermatitides encountered by the general practitioner as well as some pathological conditions associated with sun exposure (photodermatitis), and briefly discussing the issue of paediatric malignant melanoma. Also included is practical advice on skin photoprotection and an overview of some protective agents suitable for children.

Lethargic infant: severe deficiency of vitamin B12

MUDr. Daniela Janečková, MUDr. Martina Suková, MUDr. Lucie Šrámková, Ph.D., MUDr. Elena Vodičková, prof.MUDr. Jan Starý, DrSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):173-176 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.039  

7-months-old infant was admitted to the hospital for progression of lethargy, pallor and hypotonia. Pancytopenia with normocytic anemia, elevation of lactatdehydrogenase were diagnosed. Aspiration of bone marrow was hypercellular, revealed hypersegmented neutrophils and megaloblastoid cells. Severe deficiency of vitamin B12 and sideropenia were confirmed. After parenteral vitamin B12 administration quick improvement of clinical status and hematopoiesis was observed.

Less common injuries and poisoning in children: case reports

MUDr.Josef Grym, MUDr.Michaela Floderová, MUDr.Veronika Halašková, MUDr.Jana Zientková, MUDr.Marie Žaloudíková

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):177-181 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.040  

The authors present nine short case reports of less common injuries including graphic documentation: viper bite; genital injuries including zip-injury; bowing fracture; frostbites and superficial injuries associated with CAN; phytophotodermatitis following contact with the gas plant; perforating stab wound to the abdomen; and traumatic dislocation of the hip with femoral head fracture. The article is supplemented with a brief outline of another sixteen injuries from the authors’ practice, often of curious nature.

All water: a case of acute hyponatraemia

MUDr. Jakub Pecl

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):182-185 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.041  

The case report presents a boy who was treated with desmopressin for polyuria and polydipsia, and was suspected to have central diabetes insipidus. During the treatment, he developed generalized tonic-clonic seizures and disturbance of consciousness due to acute hyponatraemia with water intoxication, a condition referred to as hyponatraemic encephalopathy. Following the revision of diagnosis, a definitive diagnosis was made of psychogenic polydipsia with an underlying ADHD. The case report aims to highlight the need to perform a complete examination algorithm in the differential diagnosis of polydipsia and polyuria, even prior to commencing...

Past and present of baby bottles

Mgr.Jaroslava Fendrychová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):190-193 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.044  

The article mentions the historical development of feeding of newborns from nursing by their own mothers, through wet nurses to administration formulas through various jars and bottles. In connection with baby bottles mentions their advantages and disadvantages, including toxicity caused by inadequate materials or poor hygiene, whether in the past or at present.

Recurrent urinary tract infections as a result of caudal regression syndrome

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr.Ludmila Zatloukalová, MUDr.Lucie Stašková, MUDr.Oldřich Šmakal, Ph.D., MUDr.Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):186-188 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.043  

Caudal regression syndrome (CRS) is a rare disorder of distal spinal segments affecting the development of the spinal cord with attendant sequelae. We report a case of 3-month-old girl who was referred to our hospital for repeated urinary tract infections. Cystourethrography revealed neuropathic bladder and bilateral vesicoureteral reflux with left side megaureter. At examination, she presented no neurological symptoms. MRI scanning demonstrated dysgenesis of the sacral bone.

Rozhovor s MUDr. Norou Hradskou, ambulantní pediatričkou s mnohaletou praxí, na téma www.cosditetem.cz

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):185  

Archibaldovo znamení

MUDr.Jan Papež, prof.MUDr.Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr.Jiří Štarha, Ph.D., MUDr.Petr Jabandžiev, MUDr.Jana Šuláková, MUDr.Jan Šenkyřík

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):171-172 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.038  

Celiakie - doporučený postup pro diagnostiku a terapii u dětí a dospívajících

MUDr.Pavel Frühauf, CSc., doc.MUDr.Jiří Bronský, Ph.D., MUDr.Petr Dědek, Ph.D., prof.MUDr.Jiří Nevoral, CSc., MUDr.Radana Kotalová, CSc., prof.MUDr.Josef Sýkora, Ph.D., MUDr.Natália Szitányi, MUDr.Alena Šebková, MUDr.Lubomír Zahradníček

Pediatr. praxi. 2016;17(3):i-vii | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2016.045