Je jednodušší léčit dítě než celou rodinu

Mgr. Aleš Neusar, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 239-240  

Nontuberculous mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis in childhood

MUDr. Lukáš Školoudík, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Viktor Chrobok, CSc., Ph.D., MUDr. Lenka Ryšková, Ph.D., MUDr. Jana Dědková, doc. MUDr. Jan Laco, Ph.D., MUDr. Hubert Vaníček, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 244-247 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.048  

Nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis is still a rare infection in Czech Republic but the incidence has increased over thelast decade. The increase in number of disease was observed after the end of calmetisation. The disease differs from non-specificbacterial infection in diagnostic as well as therapeutic procedures. The aim of the paper is to familiarized pediatricians with thedisease and summarized guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.

Hearing evaluation in young children in paediatric practice – part II

doc. MUDr. Mojmír Lejska, CSc., MBA

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 248-251 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.049  

The second part of the article deals with hearing impairment and its impact on a child’s development. This part is wholly dedicatedto descriptions of hearing tests which are common in the paediatric practice. Hearing evaluation in a child is typically describedaccording to age stages, i.e. according to how old the child is and what his/her ability to cooperate during evaluation is. In theyoungest children, reliance is more upon evaluation of the child’s auditory response by the mother and other relatives. The testingperformed in these age groups is only of indicative nature. The goal is to determine whether the child responds to acoustic...

Dehydration

MUDr. Peter Mikolášek

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 252-255 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.050  

Dehydration is one of the most common pathological conditions in pediatrics not only in infectious gastroenterocolitis. Newborns,infants and toddlers are the most risk group for dehydration, for their highest proportion of body water, increased fluidintake, dehydration speed, limited compensation mechanisms, and worse compliance. Clinical symptoms may be unrecognizedor underestimated for parents, especially in young children. Reminders of basal information on pathophysiology, clinical pictureand laboratory findings are complemented by the recommended procedure to properly initiate and lead oral and parenteralrehydration. Early recognition of dehydration...

Vitamins and trace elements in neonate

MUDr. Tomáš Jimramovský

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 256-261 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.051  

Neonatal nutrition is very complex discipline. Recommendations are often changed according to the latest research. This articlepoints out the relevance of vitamins and trace elements in the nutrition of neonates, especilally the premature ones.

Lipids in infats food

prof. MUDr. Jiří Nevoral, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 262-266 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.052  

Dietary lipids are key for infants to not only meet their high energy needs but also fulfill numerous metabolic and physiologicalfunctions critical for their growth, development, and health. Fats are the most important composition of breast milk, supplyingenergy and helping the development of the central nervous system. The lipid composition of breast milk is partly affected by themother’s diet. The major differences between breast fat and formulae concern saturated fats, polyunsaturated fats, cholesterol,and complex lipids. The quality of the lipid supply to infants should be improved by translating the results of current researchinto mother’s...

Suicides of children and youth in the slovak republic – their motives and possibilities of prevention

prof. PhDr. Ingrid Emmerová, PhD.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 267-269 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.053  

The paper analyses the rate of suicides committed by children and youth in the Slovak Republic. It elucidates statistical data aboutreported suicides and attempted suicides of children and youth over the years 2008 – 2017 (ten years). A special attention is paidto causes and motives of suicides by children and youth and possibilities of prevention.

Importance of adherence in treating atopic dermatitis

MUDr. Miroslav Kobsa, MBA

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 270-283  

Atopic dermatitis is a very widespread disease affecting each age category. In addition to choosing the right therapy, establishingan adequate degree of patient compliance plays a substantial role in successful treatment. Experience shows that only half ofpatients comply with the physician’s recommendations. A patient’s willingness to follow the physician’s instructions can occuron several levels. The highest form is adherence which guarantees the highest degree of agreement between physician andpatient. Failure to cooperate reduces the therapeutic outcome and increases the costs due to unnecessary medication changeand ordering further...

A child with mental disorder at school: what has to be changed?

MUDr. Jaroslav Matýs

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 274-282 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.055  

Child and adolescent psychiatry intertwines significantly, extending to other paediatric medical disciplines. It alters the views and practicesin somatic diseases in association with the general mental condition of the paediatric patient as well as in mental disorders with their somaticmanifestations. It also deals with the frequent comorbidity of mental and somatic diseases in children and adolescents. Traditionally, this hasbeen known by the collective name psychosomatics. At present, this trend of a comprehensive view of the patient has developed into themedical field of “holistic medicine”. However, educational attestation programmes...

A term newborn with recurrent apneic spells

MUDr. Pavla Říská, MUDr. Alice Mocková, Ph.D., MUDr. Martin Matas, doc. MUDr. Jiří Dort, Ph.D.,, MUDr. Natálie Tomanová

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 283-285 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.056  

The article is dealing with a rare cause of apnea in the neonatal period. The authors report a case of a term newborn with amanifestation of numerous apneic spells postnatally. The etiology of apneic episodes was revealed by cranial ultrasound andmagnetic resonance imaging, subsequently. The both methods confirmed a right temporal lobe congenital subarachnoid cystwith intracystic hemmorhage. The complete resolution of the apneic spells was achieved with antiepileptic therapy.

An unusual cause of the absence of femoral artery pulsation in a newborn

MUDr. Magdalena Čadová, MUDr. Alice Mocková, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Jiří Dort, Ph.D., MUDr. Michal Huml, Ph.D., MUDr. Ing. Tomáš Votava, MUDr. Renata Vondráková, MUDr. Miloš Černý, MUDr. Radek Pádr

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 286-289 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.057  

The assessment of peripheral arterial pulsation and peripheral perfusion is an important part of physical examination in infants. Itis also necessary to compare the character of the pulse amplitude on the upper limbs (palpation of the brachial or radial arteries)and on the lower limbs (palpation of the femoral arteries). If the pulsation of femoral arteries is weakened or delayed in neonatalperiod or in early infancy, a heart defect – coarctation of the aorta – has to be ruled out first. The absence of femoral artery pulsationmay also be caused by other pathologies, including congenital vascular malformations in the aortoiliac region, compressionof...

Adapted clinical practice guideline: taking care of the Central venous access in neonates and infants

Mgr. Jaroslava Fendrychová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 296-300 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.058  

The article presents another adapted clinical practice guideline (CPG) in care of neonates and infants, this time focused on careof central venous accesses. It was being developed in a similar way (using the ADAPTE protocol) as the preceding CPGs publishedin Pediatrie pro praxi and it was also consulted with nurses and physicians from perinatology centres in the Czech Republic.The purpose of the guideline is to provide the competent health care workers with practical information concerning generalclassification of central venous accesses, indications for their use in neonates and infants, assistance during their insertion andactual care of the individual...

Type III choledochal cyst with malrotation as a cause of newborn duodenal obstruction

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr. Tomáš Malý, Ph.D., MUDr. Jaroslav Michálek, MUDr. Tereza Kratochvilová, UDr. Kateřina Sobková, MUDr. Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 290-295 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.081  

Infants with choledochal cyst classically present with a triad of abdominal pain, right upper quadrant mass, and obstructive jaundice.If the cyst is large, it may also manifest with variable degrees of duodenal obstruction. The connection between congenitalduodenal obstruction and concomitant choledochal cyst has not been reported frequently, although duodenal obstruction isknown to be associated with many other anomalies. The authors describe the case study of a 10-day-old neonate whose choledochalcyst was the cause of the progressive development of duodenal obstruction. Choledochocele (type III) with accompanyingmalrotatio was found peroparatively....

Atopic dermatitis in infancy

MUDr. Jana Čadová

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 302-304  

Atopic dermatitis is the most common diagnosis in a pediatric dermatologist's office. In 45% of cases it occurs already in the first6 months of age. Infant eczema has its own specificities in the field of acute exacerbation triggering, in the clinical picture andalso in the treatment.

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc. – letošní nositel Brdlíkovy ceny České pediatrické společnosti

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(5): 305-306