Tělesné tresty v roce 2019 ?

PhDr. Václav Mertin

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3)  

The Use of Postbiotics in Pediatrics

MUDr. Petr Jabandžiev, Ph.D., MUDr. Jan Papež, MUDr. Tereza Pinkasová, MUDr. Jakub Pecl, MUDr. Markéta Veverková, MUDr. Lumír Kunovský, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 142-147 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.029  

The optimal development of the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system is associated, among other things, with the proper development and composition of the intestinal microbiota. In addition to prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics, so-called postbiotics may contribute to the modulation of microbial composition and thus to the development of both the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system. Postbiotics are metabolic compounds produced by the probiotic microbes and they affect various biological functions of the host at both local and systemic levels. Lately, in clinical practice, we can find fermented infant formulas containing postbiotics....

Treatment options for atopic dermatitis in children

MUDr. Stanislava Polášková

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 148-151 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.030  

The article summarizes the treatment options and principles for atopic dermatitis (AD) in children which are based on the knowledge ofaetiopathogenesis and pathophysiology of AD. The mainstays of AD treatment have remained the same; however, some recommendationshave changed due to updated knowledge (e. g. atopic skin hygiene, pattern of use of local corticosteroids and local immunomodulators).Due to updated knowledge on AD and a wide choice of local agents, the management of atopic patients can be individualized andcontinues to improve. Biological therapy, which is still in the phase of clinical trials, appears to be most effective...

Actual trends in tuberculosis in childhood and adolescence

MUDr. Karolína Doležalová

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 152-156 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.031  

The article is focused on epidemiology, diagnostics and treatment of tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections inchildhood and adolescence. More closely is focused in cervical lymphadenitis due to Mycobacterium avium. There is subsectiondedicated to pediatric practitioners and their role in the field of children tuberculosis.

The General Movements assessmenta

Mgr. David Janoušek, Mgr. Dagmar Moc Králová, Ph.D., Mgr. Jana Řezaninová, Ph.D.,, doc. MUDr. Pavel Stejskal, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 158-161 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.032  

The General Movements assessment was described and developed by the Austrian professor Heinz Prechtl. This method is effective, cost-effective and has been developed for detecting issues which may lead to cerebral palsy. It’s possible to conduct the examination from birth, even in neonates, up to 20 weeks of corrected age. The principle of this method is the assessment using a video recording of the spontaneous motor performance of the infant, in which the examiner is searching for key fragments of the motor performance characteristics typical for the age of the infant. The sensitivity of the General Movement assessment for detection of future...

What do cats bring?

MUDr. Alice Hrušková, MUDr. Lenka Doležalová, MUDr. Zdeňka Černá, prof. MUDr. Josef Sýkora, Ph.D.,, MUDr. Ing. Tomáš Votava, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 168-170 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.035  

Cats may be source of pathogens causing various infectious diseases, including bartonellosis, also called cat scratch disease – CSD.CSD is caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae, and may be associated with severe lymphadenitis. We present case studiesof severe lymphadenitis and discuss difficulties of differential diagnosis of lymph node enlargement in children.

Salt intake in the diet of schoolchildren

Bc. Barbora Mičulková, prof. MUDr. Miloš Velemínský, CSc., Dr.h.c.

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 171-173 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.036  

In developed countries, the salt intake is currently above the amount recommended by World Health Organization, which is less than 5 g of salt per day. In Czech Republic, after the child is above the age of three years, the amount exceeds three times. The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of salt in lunch meals in school canteens for children due to the current nutritional recommendations. The research set consists of five school canteens, where the five-day lunch menus were rated. A recommended maximum amount of salt for school-age child is 5 g a day. Since the lunch provides approximately 35% of the daily energy intake, the lunch at school...

Problems of using nipple shields

Bc. Martina Kotíková

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 188-191 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.039  

The paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey on the use of nipple (or also breast) shields in physiological newborns. In practice, they are often discussed in connection with their too frequent use. The problem of their application is the alleged reduction in lactation and then prematurely terminated breastfeeding or affect the baby‘s mouth with a yeast infection. The investigation was carried out in neonatal departments of three hospitals, marked as „Baby friendly hospital“ to verify the truth of the current evaluation of this aid. Data collection was in the form of written questionnaires distributed at the time of hospitalization...

Sublingual ranula – a diagnostic challenge

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr. Petr Michl, Ph.D., MUDr. Jaroslav Michálek, MUDr. Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 175-179 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.037  

Ranula is a rare pseudocyst containing mucosal fluid in the submandibular space resulting from extravasation and subsequent accumulation of saliva from the sublingual gland. The most common clinical manifestation is a painless, slowly growing, pliable mass in the floor of the mouth, sometimes extending below the jaw by a defect of the mylohyoideus musculus. The authors present a case report of a 13-year-old girl suspected of developing a submerged ranula in the submental area and emphasize the role played by ultrasound examination and other diagnostic tools in diagnosis. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. The lesion was completely...

Practical aspects of photoprotection

PharmDr. MVDr. Vilma Vranová, Ph.D., Václava Valešová

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 180-187  

UV radiation-induced skin damage can occur in people of all phototypes. The level of exposure to UV radiation in childhood is oneof the factors that increase the risk of developing skin cancer later in adulthood. Photoprotection involves behaviour modificationwhile staying in the sun and combined protection with clothing, sunglasses, head cover, and appropriate sunscreen.

Alergie na bílkoviny kravského mléka – léčba

MUDr. Simona Bělohlávková

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 196-198  

Evropská konference o vakcinaci proti rotavirům přinesla nové poznatky

Mgr. Romana Moutelíková, Ph.D., RNDr. Jana Prodělalová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 199-200  

Erythema nodosum

prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr. Erik Nedorost, MUDr. Tereza Pinkasová

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 165-166 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2019.034  

What nutrition we should recommend insured who leaves pediatric care

MUDr. Pavel Frühauf, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 162-164  

Nutritionally balanced diet patterns in line with available evidence on healthy eating: no processed meat, small amounts of red meat(one serving per week), moderate amounts of other animal-source foods (poultry, fish, and dairy), and generous amounts of plantbasedfoods (fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts).

Mikrobiom a vybraná onemocnění

RNDr. Petr Ryšávka

Pediatr. praxi 2019; 20(3): 192-195