Věřit, že bude zase lépe…

Vladimír Mihál

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):3  

Sleep disorders in pediatric practice, part 1: basic introduction and diagnostics,insomnia, restless legs syndrome and delayed sleep phase disorder

doc. MUDr. Iva Příhodová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):8-12 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.001  

Up to 20-30% of children and adolescents experience sleep problems. As sleep disorders can lead to negative health consequences, this area deserves special interest of pediatricians. Regular screening is neccessary, especially in children with diseases which are connected with high prevalence of sleep problems. The implementation of good sleep hygiene practices plays an important role, especially in infants and school children. Insufficient or fragmented sleep results in cognitive impairment, emotional and behavioral problems. Insomnia represents major problem due to chronic sleep deprivation, mainly in infants and toddlers, as well as delayed sleep...

Inflammatory bowel disease in children - part 2: treatment and complications

MUDr. Nabil El-Lababidi

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):13-17 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.002  

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory illnesses affecting the gastrointestinal tract. While the first part of this paper focused on IBD from aetiology to establishing the diagnosis, this part focuses on treatment and complications of IBD. Treatment should be guided by ESPGHAN (European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition) guidelines. Treatment goals consist of reaching and maintaining remission. This can be achieved in case of Crohn's disease (CD) with nutritional intervention, in addition to pharmacotherapy and in certain indicated cases with surgical intervention. Stricture formations and fistulas...

Physiotherapeutic view of cervical spine pain and headaches in children

Mgr. Eliška Maixnerová Ph.D., Mgr. Veronika Kristková, Mgr. Jiří Kudláček, Mgr. Filip Javůrek, prof. RNDr. Miroslav Janura Dr.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):18-20 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.003  

Physiotherapists are increasingly encountering children with neck or head pain in their practice. There are many reasons for these pains. The literature named as predisposing factor for headaches and neck pain poor head posture. Structural defects and other diseases must be excluded as part of the differential diagnosis of these problems. Kinesiological analysis should consist of exami­nation of posture, especially the head, neck, shoulders and chest. In addition to physiotherapeutic methods, it is appropriate to reduce the use of modern technologies as prevention. It is also important to include adequate physical activity, because regular physical...

Social, psychological and health effects of wearing face masks in children

doc. MUDr. Karel Ettler CSc., Mgr. Jitka Ludvíková, MUDr. Veronika Wertzová Ph.D., Ing. Bc. Katarína Zelová Ph.D., doc. Ing. Antonín Havelka CSc., Ing. Miroslav Tichý, Ing. Marie Vrbová

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):22-27 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.004  

Facial drapes can cause a wide range of problems in children with skin difficulties, not only health, but also social and psychological. Based on a questionnaire survey of 50 children with skin problems (and 76 pupils without dermatological treatment), the adverse effects of wearing veils, which related to limitations in everyday life, communication disorders with others and unpleasant feelings on the facial skin, were evaluated. All respondents agreed that the veils bothered in all activities, however, more schoolchildren without skin problems. The summer hot weather was the worst for all of them, and the fastening of the veils behind the ears was...

Facultative Respiratory Pathogens in Children in the Context of Anti-epidemic Measures

MUDr. Zuzana Blechová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):28-32 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.005  

The epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal and meningococcal infections in children is, in addition to uncontrollable risk factors, dependent on the spread of bacteria in the community. Anti-epidemic measures seem to reduce the incidence of some infections; however, their serious potential remains unchanged. Despite the challenging and altered conditions, it is necessary to maintain and increase the vaccination coverage of in the entire pediatric population, especially in at-risk individuals.

Vaccination in pediatric population and critical attitudes of parents to it

RNDr. Helena Nejezchlebová, Ph.D., doc. RNDr. Alena Žákovská, Ph.D., MVDr. Mgr. Monika Dušková, Ph.D., Bc. Tereza Svěchotová

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):33-36 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.006  

Despite the fact that vaccination plays an essential role in the prevention of infectious diseases, attitudes to this issue are different in our society as well, and historically this has always been the case. At present, even in connection with the current epidemiologi­cal situation, the Czech society is struggling relatively significantly with the phenomenon of criticism and refusal of vaccination. There can be many reasons: people have lost awareness that vaccination protects against diseases that still threaten and can be very serious or even fatal; uncertainties about the benefits of vaccination and risk concerns; preference of disease prevention...

Cesarean section delivery, human milk prebiotics; irreversible impact on gut microbiota, immunity, and health

prof. RNDr. Jan Krejsek, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):38-41 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.007  

Pregnancy could be characterized as immune phenomena based on complex modulation of individual immune reactivity of pregnant female. Pregnancy is terminated by the delivery which is physiologically per vaginam given profit for both mother and newborn. Unfortunately, increased prevalence of cesarean section deliveries is evidenced worldwide with many adverse impacts on health of especially newborn. Natural stimuli mediated by the contact with maternal vaginal microbiota are lost. The gradual development of gut microbiota is supported by numerous oligosaccharides (prebiotics) present in mother milk, only. Natural gut microbiota is providing the direct...

Inhalation technique and correct use of inhaler devices in the treatment of asthma bronchiale and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease I. - liquid form inhalers - specifics of childhood

PharmDr. Veronika Bárková, PharmDr. Bc. Dana Mazánková, Ph.D., PharmDr. Karel Vašut, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):42-48  

The following article deals with aspects of providing pharmaceutical care in patients with asthma bronchiale and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, for which the pharmacist's knowledge of the correct manipulation technique of inhaler devices is significant. Further, the article presents specific notices to the use of active substances in inhaler form and focuses on the adherence of patients to the treatment using inhalers and its options of support for the patient's treatment by a pharmacist. Furthermore it summarizes all inhalers available on the Czech market containing liquid dosage form (solution and suspension) and for each inhaler presents...

Osteomyelitis of the cuboid bone in infant caused by toxicogenic golden staph

MUDr. Richard Retamoza, MUDr. Martin Gregora, PharmDr. Eva Šimečková

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):49-51 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.009  

Even nowadays ostemyelitis in childhood poses a great threat due to its potential complications. Up to one-half of all causes affects group of children in the age under 5 years. The most common causal agent is Staphylococcus aures. Total impact of the infection depends both on the imunological status of the individual and virulence factors of the etiologic agent. More severe course of the disease can be expected with the proof of some specific toxicogenic strains of the golden staph. The more early and right antibiotic therapy is important to suppress production of toxins and to prevent their massive release to the circulation of the patient.

Anus ventralis - unusual case of obstipation?

MUDr. Barbora Sedláčková, MUDr. Jakub Pecl MBA, MUDr. Jan Šenkyřík, MUDr. Jan Škvařil Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel CSc., MUDr. Petr Jabandžiev Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):52-56 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.010  

We describe the case of a 17year old girl who was repeatedly examined for chronic abdominal pain. Her symptoms met the Rome IV. criteria for functional obstipation and therefore she was recommended the use of osmotic laxatives, régime measures and physiotherapy. However, this therapy brought insufficient effect. For ongoing symptomatology, further diagnostic steps were performed including proctological examination by which anus ventralis was diagnosed. This anorectal malformation represents a condition in which the anal orifice of a normal appearance is shifted in the ventral direction. Clinical symptoms depend on the level of the anal orifice shift....

Pubertas praecox

MUDr. Dagmar Slavíčková, MUDr. Stanislava Koloušková CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):57-59 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.011  

In this article we present 2 case reports of siblings with precocious puberty. The aim is to emphasize the importance of carefully performed preventive examinations with early detection of the first signs of precocious puberty.

Spontaneous pubertal development and menarche in a girl with Turner's syndrome

MUDr. Hana Pražáková

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):60-62 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.012  

Turner syndrome, in its incidence of 1 : 2000, is still a present issue. It is a chromosomal imbalance which affects the female fetus. The paper presents a case of accidental atypical Turner syndrome. Some girls with Turner syndrome may not differ at first sight from their peers significantly. For pediatricians a striking indicator should be a small height of a child. The presented case shows how important is vigilance of practitioners and pediatricians with whom a child comes into contact. Careful monitoring of child growth using the growth charts should not be neglected during the regural check-ups.

Hospitalization through the eyes of pediatric patients - qualitative research

Mgr. Petra Růžičková, Mgr. Eva Hlaváčková, Ph.D., Mgr. Iveta Černohorská

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):73-76 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.015  

Introduction: Children are unique users of health care services. In the context of development that aknowledges children as rights holders, it is important to examine how children experience hospitalization and the hospital care provided to them during hospitalization. Objective: To find out what experience and opinions children hospitalized in the children's ward in the selected hospital have. Methods: Qualitative survey, semi-structured interwievs with children aged 7-13. Results: The experience of children with hospitalization was mostly positive. The key factor for satisfaction is having parents (even older children) and kind nurses (staff) in...

Diagnostic significance of intense back pains in spinal involvement of children with chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál CSc., MUDr. Kateřina Bouchalová Ph.D., MUDr. Jakub Čivrný, MUDr. Radim Formánek

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):63-67 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.013  

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an uncommon, aseptic, autoinflammatory condition characterized by multifocal bone lesions with pain, swelling, and frequent exacerbations and remissions. CRMO is a diagnosis of exclusion, and its pathogenesis remains unknown. We present a 10-year-old girl who was diagnosed with CRMO after several months of intense back pain with right-sided root sacral syndrome. CT, PET-CT and MRI examination of the spine and sacrum and whole body MRI gave a diagnosis of CRMO. An early treatment with bisphosphonates led to the improvement of clinical and radiological disease activity, and overall status of patient.

Pityriasis versicolor

MUDr. et MUDr. Pavel Konrád

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):68-70  

The article describes pityriasis versicolor, a very common type of skin surface mycosis in younger people. The article clarifies its name, its etiopathogenesis, the most effective therapy currently available and the necessary preventive measures.

Není vláknina jako vláknina - přehled vlastností a možnosti využití v praxi

PharmDr. Jana Matušková

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):77-78  

Novorozenecký screening je od ledna rozšířen o další onemocnění

Novartis s.r.o.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):80-81  

Overview of regional recommendations for the prevention of food allergy

MUDr. Pavel Frühauf, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):82  

Earlier guidelines recommended avoidance of common food allergens during pregnancy and lactation and delaying the introduction of allergenic foods in children aged between 1 and 3 years. Recent guidelines for allergy prevention recommend diet without eliminating of allergenic foods during pregnancy or breast-feeding. Early introduction of allergenic foods is recommended by most guidelines for allergy prevention after a period of exclusive breast-feeding.