Tuky v dětské výživě

MUDr. Pavel Frühauf CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):256-258  

Fats provide the major portion of the energy for infants and young children. Therefore, the supply, digestion, absorption and utilization are of great importance for growth, body composition and health.

Syncope in children

MUDr. Štěpán Rucki CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):259-262  

Syncope is a relatively frequent problem in population of older school children and adolescents. Some of the more common causes of syncope in childhood are demonstrated on five case reports. Vasovagal syncope is the most frequently reported syncope in otherwise healthy children and adolescents. It has benign character and good prognosis. Cardiac disease is a rather rare cause of syncope in children but endangers the patient with risk of sudden death. In differential diagnostic approach to syncope it is necesery to rule out other causes as neurologic, psychiatric and metabolic diseases. In all patients with syncope careful history should be obtained...

Early diagnostics of locomotory disorders of nursling in the first trimestr of their life

MUDr. Jaroslava Kolářová Ph.D, MUDr. Petra Hánová

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):264-267  

Vojta´s method constitutes an integrated system of early neurokinesiologic diagnostics and early therapy of locomotory disorders through reflex locomotion. As long as this system is applied to symptomatically at risk children already in the first trimestr of their life, it can significantly improve the quality of their life. The paper outlines the examination that makes possible early diagnostics of possible threat by the development of cerebral paresis.

Food hypersenzitivity in childhood

MUDr. Eva Vernerová

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):268-274  

Immediate reactions to food, IgE-mediated, are relatively easy to diagnose, study and treat. Delayed reactions are much more difficult to suspect, diagnose and document. Their clinical manifestations run the gamut of virtually every organ system. True incidence of adverse reactions to food is not known and for the development of our knowledge and possibilities of treatment is necessary to accumulate our experiences and think of such reactions in various disorders. It is probable, that the adverse reactions to food will surpass in clinical importance other types of allergy, like reactions to inhalants.

ANAEMIA OF CHRONIC DISEASES IN THE LIGHT OF NEW FINDINGS

doc. MUDr. Dagmar Pospíšilová Ph.D

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):276-280  

Anaemia of chronic diseases (ACD) is the second most common type of anaemia in the population and the most common type of anaemia in hospitalized patients with chronic diseases. It accompanies four groups of diseases: acute and chronic infections, inflammatory non-infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases and malignancies. It can substantially influence the quality of life of ill children. In the disease pathogenesis, four etiopathogenetic mechanisms play a role: changes in iron homeostasis, decreased proliferation of erythroid progenitor cells, decreased erythropoietin production and shortened erythrocyte life span. All of these are caused by increased...

Disorders of the lacrimal drainage system

MUDr. Barbora Bábková, MUDr. Klára Marešová Ph.D

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):281-283  

The present paper summarizes basic anatomy and physiology of the lacrimal drainage system, the disorders of lacrimal organs and lacrimal drainage passages, and possible diagnostics and therapy. Special attention is paid to the issues related to infantile age, in particular the congenital obstruction of lacrimal drainage passages.

News in immunization against hvp

doc. MUDr. Roman Prymula CSc., Ph.D

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):284-287  

Immunization against human papillomaviruses is the first vaccination against neoplasma – cervical carcinoma. Vaccine Silgard effective even against genital warts cased by human papillomaviruses typ 6 and 11 has been already registered in the Czech Republic. Competitor´s vaccine Cervarix registration is possible to expect in a very short time. Both vaccines prove their practically 100 % efficacy based on numerous studies and cover more than 70 % of carcinomas of the cervix. Combined with screening vaccination gives assumption of this serious carcinoma effective control worldwide. Vaccine is recommended for the mass immunization in girls aged 12...

Infections after animal injuries

doc. MUDr. Dalibor Sedláček CSc, MUDr. Věra Štruncová

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):288-291  

The animal injuries are frequent occasions. The epidemiologists in the Czech Republic register 2 to 4 thousands injuries annually, but bigger part of them are not reported at all. The wound contamination by animals´ oral-microflora can be clinically important especially in immunocompromised persons. Animal wounds require careful dressing, tetanus vaccination check-up and often also antibiotic prophylaxis or treatment.

The antibiotic use in primary pediatric care

doc. MUDr. Vilma Marešová CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):292-298  

The problem of antibiotic resistance in the Czech Republic has touched to various extent all bacterial agents of invasive and local infections in hospitals and communities. The improvement in quality of antibiotic use and decrease of antibiotic use by limitation of its prescription in cases not considered being effective and responsible approach to prescription could decrease growing trends of antibiotic resistance of bacteria in community with preservation of efficacy of old and new medications. The highest consumption of antibiotics is in respiratory infections followed by urinary tract infections and skin infections. The knowledge of indications...

Therapy of respiratory infections in children

MUDr. Renata Přibíková

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):299-306  

The rapid spread of antibiotic resistance in comunity pathogens has underscored the urgency for reducing unnecessary antibiotic use. Determination the etiologic cause in childhood respiratory infections is basic for appropriate therapy. The benefit from antibiotics is none for diseases with a primarily viral etiology. The goal of the author is to avoid antibiotic prescriptions in these circumstances.

Adrenalin v léčbě anafylaktické reakce

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál CSc, MUDr. Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):311-312  

Dětské pleny - Novinky, terminologie

Mgr. Věra Soukupová, Bc. Jiřina Soukupová, Mgr. Adéla Chadimová

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):313-314  

Radiační pneumonitida jako diagnostické dilema

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál CSc, MUDr. Kamila Michálková, MUDr. Zbyněk Novák

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):315-316  

Léčba enuresis nocturna z pohledu EBM

MUDr. Josef Gut

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5)

Urgentní dovednosti v dětském lékařství

MUDr. Vladimír Mixa

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):307-310  

Hygiena nosu u kojenců

doc. MUDr. Ludmila Vyhnánková CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):317-318  

Aké je miesto pediatra v primárnej prevencii HPV infekcie?

MUDr. Pavol Šimurka

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):287  

Podpora přirozené výživy kojenců

MUDr. Martin Gregora

Pediatr. praxi. 2007;8(5):322