Krásné Vánoce

Mons. Jan Graubner

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):355  

CHRONIC TONSILITIS AND INDICATIONS FOR TONSILLECTOMY

doc. MUDr. Ludmila Vyhnánková CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):361-363  

This article deals with chronic tonsillitis, its symptoms, conservative and surgical treatment – tonsillectomy (TE). The indication is local and overall. Recurrent tonsillitis is the most frequent local indication in children – 75 % (according to the data obtained in past 25 years from evidence based medicine). Tonsilar hypertrophy with subsequent obstruction represents 25 %. An improvement of problems with obstruction occurs in children in 100 % and there is also an increase of growth and an improvement of children’s attention. The less frequent local cause of tonsillectomy indication is parato

EXANTHEMATOUS VIRAL INFECTIONS OF THE CHILDHOOD

doc. MUDr. Dalibor Sedláček CSc, MUDr. Věra Štruncová

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):364-368  

Exanthema is a regular sign of the exanthematous infectious diseases, but it can be observed in many various non-infectious conditions. This article is focused especially on viral exanthematous diseases generalized or localised. As to the characteristic features of the rash we can differentiate maculopapular, vesiculous, and haemorrhagic exanthemas. In wider differential diagnostics have to be thought over rashes of bacterial, fungal, and parasitic aetiology, non-infectious causes, especially allergic, after some drugs, in some dermatologic diseases, and in cases of skin manifestations of systemic diseases.

THE MOST FREQUENT SKIN DISEASES IN CHILDHOOD AND THEIR THERAPY

MUDr. Štěpánka Čapková

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):369-375  

In offices of primary care pediatricians at least 20 % patients suffer from skin diseases. In last decades we observe an increase in allergic skin manifestations, constitutional dermatitis involves at least 5–15 % of pediatric population. Seborrheic dermatitis precedes frequently constitutional dermatitis already in first weeks of life. Preschool and school children with respect to their social contacts and numerous sport activities suffer by a number of skin infections, mainly impetigo. The most frequent skin disease of babies is surprisingly diaper dermatitis. The author summarizes clinical information about these diseases and discusses...

THE EFFECT OF GROWTH HORMONE THERAPY ON BODY COMPOSITION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

doc. MUDr. Zdeněk Šumník Ph.D, MUDr. Ondřej Souček

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):376-379  

The spectrum of diagnoses suitable for growth hormone (GH) treatment is going wider. This trend recalls the discussion about the long-term effect of GH therapy (applied in supraphysiological doses) on body composition in children. Studies directed on this topic assessed visceral and subcutaneous fat, muscles, parameters of bone quality and their proportions and interplays. There is a clear evidence that growth hormone therapy has a positive impact on body composition in all groups of children treated – it decreases relative proportion of body fat, increases muscle area, and (primarily or secondary) improves bone quality.

THE MUCOSAL IMMUNE SYSTEM OF DIGESTIVE TRACT, BREAST MILK AND PREBIOTICS

doc. MUDr. František Kopřiva Ph.D

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):380-382  

The development of mucosal immune system of digestive tract is by determined enviroment influences. The colonisation of digestive tract is positively regulated by breast feeding. The gut microflora is positively modulated by prebiotics. It is possible to influence the development of immunopathological reactivity in children.

WHY TEENAGERS HARM THEMSELVES?

MUDr. Magdalena Ryšánková

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):383-387  

Prevalence of the self injurious behavior (SIB) in adolescence has been on rise in the past several decades. It has been estimated between 14–39 % among common and 40–61 % among clinical adolescent population. Impulsive SIB as a primitive coping strategy (against emotional flooding or dissociation) is the most frequent type. The most common ways of self injuries represent minor suicidal risk, comorbid psychiatric disturbances are however associated with much higher risk. Biological vulnerability, types of attachment and traumatic life events concerning the impulsive type of self injurious behavior is stressed. Cues for an assessment...

OVERVIEW OF SUPPLEMENTARY IMUNOMODULATION IN PEDIATRICS

PharmDr. Vladimír Végh, Mgr. Tereza Végh

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):388-392  

Immunomodulation using OTC product and food supplements is becoming increasing popularity among patients. Even if the clinical evidence is often based mainly on empiric background, their effects may be useful also in the hands of pediatrician in minor immunity disorders. On the other side, patient‘s unrealistic expectation supported by marketing activities may often lead to disappointment, or, on the contrary, to inappropriate/excessive application. In all cases, professional medical advice is therefore appropriate.

EXCESSIVE CRYING IN INFANCY

Mgr. Zuzana Masopustová, MUDr. Jana Marešová

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):394-397  

Excessive crying is a term for an infant crying lasting for a total of more than three hours a day and occurring on more than three days a week on more than three weeks. The cry is inconsolable by usual calming techniques. The study presents review of actual facts about diagnostics, etiology and therapeutic approach which are usable in pediatric practice.

PREVENTION AND THERAPY OF HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS AND VARICELLA - ZOSTER VIRUS IN CHILDREN

doc. MUDr. Drahomíra Bartošová CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):398-401  

The herpesviruses are among the most common human pathogens worldwide. There are eight known herpesviruses. It is a characteristic feature of herpesviruses that they generally remain in a latent form after clearance of the primary infection. Primary infections most commonly occur in childhood. The overall majority of clinical problems are related to activated latent infections particular in immunocompromised individuals. Herpes infections during pregnancy may result in severe generalised infection of the newborns. This review presents the more common clinical manifestations of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster (VZV) infections in children...

CONSTIPATION IN CHILDREN, PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

MUDr. Jan Schwarz, MUDr. Ing. Konrad Siala Ph.D., Msc, MUDr. Michal Huml, doc. MUDr. Josef , Sýkora Ph.D

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):402-407  

Constipation is one of the most common clinical problems encountered by paediatricians and gastroenterologists. It is important to diffe­rentiate between the differential diagnoses that include organic as well as functional aetiologies. The main pathophysiological mechanism in functional constipation is pain of, and the acutal pain encoutered during defecation. The clinical picture is dominated by infrequent and difficult bowel emptying with large amounts of thickened stool. As long as there is an absence of signs and symptoms, as well as a positive exclusion of a functional cause, therapeutic intervention may be warranted. A complex therapeutic strategy...

Kojenecké ublinkávání (GER) a jeho léčba

MUDr. Pavel Frühauf CSc, MUDr. Radim Vyhnánek

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):408-410  

Stenóza tlustého střeva jako příčina subileózního stavu

MUDr. Jana Šilarová, MUDr. Tomáš Malý Ph.D, MUDr. Eva Klásková, MUDr. Vratislav Smolka, MUDr. Kamila Michálková, MUDr. Martin Zápalka Ph.D, MUDr. Petra Venháčová, MUDr. Jaroslav Wiedermann CSc, prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):411-413  

Akutní záněty středouší pneumokokové etiologie u dětí a jejich komplikace

MUDr. Josef Machač, MUDr. Pavel Horník, MUDr. Zlata Jirsenská, MUDr. Karla Crhová, MUDr. Marcela Charvátová, MUDr. Vlastimil Mach

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):414-417  

Spontánní ruptura ovariální cysty jako příčina masivního hemoperitonea u dívky s chronickou formou imunní trombocytopemické purpury

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál CSc, MUDr. Kamila Michálková, doc. MUDr. Dagmar Pospíšilová Ph.D, doc. MUDr. Roman Havlík Ph.D, MUDr. Tomáš Malý Ph.D, MUDr. Zbyněk Novák, MUDr. Petr Pešák

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):422-423  

Léčba nachlazení u dětí

doc. MUDr. Ivan Novák CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):419-421  

Nový přípravek v léčbě respiračních infekcí

doc. MUDr. Ludmila Vyhnánková CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):428  

Autodidaktický test č. 2/2008

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):430  

Milosrdná pravda místo (ne)milosrdné lži

MUDr. Marie Svatošová

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):424-426  

Leukemia cutis

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál CSc, doc. MUDr. Dagmar Pospíšilová Ph.D, MUDr. Zbyněk Novák, MUDr. Jiří Hyánek

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(6):427