Opravdoví doktoři nepláčou

Judith J. Petry, MD, FACS, Vladimír Mihál

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):3  

The significance of rotaviral infection, current possibilities of the vaccination

doc.MUDr.Petr Pazdiora, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):9-12  

Rotaviruses cause annually 111–125 million of illnesses leading to 0,4–0,7 million of deaths worldwide. As many as 4,519 sporadic cases and 459 cases from 8 outbreaks were reported to the Public Health Service in 2008 in the Czech Republic. No case was lethal. In 2008 6,060 rotavirus infection were laboratory confirmed in 81 laboratories of the Czech Republic. Specific morbidity among children under 3 years calculated on the laboratory data was 827,8 cases/100,000 population/year; among children under 5 years it was 710,8/100,000. With registration of 2 new vaccines (Rotarix, RotaTeq) it is realistic fulfil extended WHO immunisation...

Mother’s milk fortification (suplementation)

MUDr.Jozef Macko

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):13-18  

The dominant form of nutrition of premature and hypotrophic newborns in neonatal and postneonatal period is nutrition by fortified human milk. Human milk is insuffitient to ensure the positive nitrogen balance, growth and bone mineralization of newborns with very and extremely low birth weight due to lack of adequate content of minerals, proteins and other nutritional elements. The main goal of postnatal nutrition of low birth weight infants is to reach nutritional and weight parameters comparable with in utero situation of fetus in third trimester of gravidity, it means weight gain 15–20 grams/per kg/per day. Accesible human milk fortifiers...

Piercing - a modern phenomenon of adolescents

MUDr.Marie Finsterlová

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):19-20  

The text describes piercing as one of modern techniques of human body painting. Materials used for piercing are mainly surgical steel, silver, gold and other kind of precious metals. Piercing may cause health risks including infections, allergic reactions or functional disorders. It is popular especially with teenagers who should be aware of this health affecting procedure before they decide to go through with this.

Optimal dosage of paracetamol for treating pain and fever

prof.MUDr.Miloslav Kršiak, DrSc., prof.MUDr.Jan Švihovec, DrSc., prof.Igor Zupanets, PhD., prof.MUDr.Milan Kriška, DrSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):21-25  

The generally stated and accepted single analgesic dose of paracetamol by mouth is 10–15 mg/kg. The SPCs and PILs of medications containing 500 mg of paracetamol in adults recommend the dose of 1–2 tablets. Thus, in individuals with a body weight over 50 kg, under dosage occurs with a dose of 500 mg, which may cause insufficient efficacy. The optimal dosage of paracetamol should be defined based on the patient's body weight.

Obstructive sleep apnea - a neglected diagnosis

MUDr.Iva Příhodová

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):26-28  

Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in childhood is up to 3 %. It is caused by adenotonsillar hypertrophy in combination with mild structural and functional abnormalities of upper airways. Obstructive sleep apnea has a negative impact on cardiovascular system and it could play a role in the process of atherogenesis. It is connected with cognitive impairment, behavioral and mood disturbances. A correct evaluation of clinical symptoms, an early diagnosis and treatment can significantly influence quality of life.

Result of thermal injury in pediatric burns

MUDr.Robert Zajíček, MUDr.Jiří Kripner, Mgr.Miloš Mauer, MUDr.Richard Kubok, MUDr.Ludomír Brož

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):29-32  

Burns have long been recognized as one of the most painful and devastating injuries a child can sustain and survive. Burns often leave victims with lifelong sequels. The authors of this article deal with the permanent consequences: cutaneous scaring, psychic dearrangements and long-term impact to organism of child.

Allergic rhinitis - summerizing from otolaryngologist’s view point

MUDr.Hana Fišerová

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):36-41  

Allergic rhinitis is a major chronic respiratory disease in children during school age years. It is frequently associated with comorbidities as asthma and allergic conjunctivitis. The ARIA 2008 guidelines is to be so far the last updated recommendation for the management of allergic rhinitis. The treatment is stepwise. The principles of the therapy are based on the evidence based medicine (EBM). The concept of “one airway one disease” is based on links between the upper and lower airways which present similarities and functional complementarity.

Late manifestations of diaphragmatic hernia

MUDr.Kateřina Konopásková, MUDr.Mahulena Mojžíšová, MUDr.Jana Kalousová, doc.MUDr.Michal Rygl, MUDr.Petra Kuklová, MUDr.Kateřina Kučerová

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):42-43  

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia must be considered in differential diagnosis in every infant with unusual respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms or with an abnormal chest X-ray finding. It can present with chronic nonspecific symptoms or an urgent life-threatening condition. The case reports presented include a case with manifestations of ileus as well as one with respiratory symptoms.

They refused to vaccinate their child - what are the consequences?

MUDr.Jana Šťastná, MUDr.Marie Poláková Ph.D, prof.MUDr.Hana Hrstková, CSc., MUDr.Eva Žarošská, doc.MUDr.Drahomíra Bartošová, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):44-45  

The case report presents a case of 2,5-year-old boy, admitted to hospital with mild laryngitis and high fever. Due to the progress of respiratory infect, high inflammatory markers and lung x-ray, he was treated as an incipient bronchopneumonia. Clinical status worsened within a short period of time. Hyperpyrexia, vomiting and afterwards also meningeal signs appeared. The final diagnosis was purulent meningitis with etiological agent Haemophilus influenzae b. The boy has not been vaccinated yet except for vaccination against tuberculosis. His parents refused the regular vaccination. The aim of this case report is to remark on potential misleading...

Syndrome of risk behaviour in adolescence (Possibilities of effective anti-drug prevention)

MUDr.Pavel Kabíček, CSc., MUDr.Štěpán Sulek, MUDr.Linda Mizerová

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):46-48  

Risk behaviour represents a fundamental factor of morbidity and mortality in adolescent population of all developed countries currently. Drug abuse poses significant threat to the health and well-being of adolescents. Prevention is realized in Czech Republic mainly within the frame of school activities. Recently there was elaborated also the method of individual preventive counselling provided by physician. Guidelines of these preventive sessions we used in 68 adolescents. The results showed that the adolescents are able to trust with experience and problems with drugs. Assesment of drug abuse severity by CRAFFT test is a condition of appropriate...

Innocent contact lenses

MUDr.Pavel Němec, Bc.Žofie Schneiderwindová

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):49-50  

Contact lenses usually serve the same corrective purpose as glasses. The large majority of contact lens wearers enjoy the benefits of comfort and excellent vision without experiencing any significant ill effects. Bacterial ulcer and keratitis is one of the most serious complications. In our case report we present the case of bacterial ulcer in our 17-year old patient.

Safe nursing practices - evaluation of correct placement of a gastric tube in neonates and infants

Mgr.Jaroslava Fendrychová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):52-53  

Assessing whether gastric feeding tube have been correctly placed is an important and difficult proces. Many different methods have been recomended, but nurses are not sure which of them is the most accurate. There is no relevant studies in Czech databases, so I have used the recommendation of the UK National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) from the August 2005 and Pennsylvania Patient Safety Authority (2006) and I offer it to nurses for the practical use.

Rare concurrent presentation of bilateral lacrimal gland inflammation and ulcerative colitis

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr.Kamila Michálková, MUDr.Klára Marešová, Ph.D., MUC.Daniel Murin, MUDr.Eva Karásková

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):54-55  

The authors present a rare case report of 16-year-old girl with bilateral pseudotumor of lacrimal gland as a initial symptom of ulcerative colitis. Ten days before of diagnosis of ulcerative colitis she was admitted in the hospital because of bilateral eyelid swelling and pain, fever and abdominal discomfort. When diarrhea with enterorrhagy and anemia were occured, colonoscopy and histological findings confirmed ulcerative colitis. Lacrimal gland inflammation was improved significantly with systemic treatment of ulcerative colitis with steroids.

Kontaktní alergický ekzém/ kontaktně alergická dermatitida

MUDr.Alena Machovcová, MBA

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):56-60  

Keep cough in perspective

MUDr.Ivan Drnek

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):62-65  

Cough is one of the most common patient’s complaint in the oficces of general practitioners. Those patients then fill the outpatient oficces of allergists/immunologists, otorhinolaryngologists and pulmonary respiratory physicians and occupy radiologists, biochemists, microbiologists and other co-operating specialists. We talk about interdisciplinary attitude to the problem and handling it we should respect certain principles and orders. I would like to mention only some of them which are based on my everyday experience in my Pediatric Pulmonary Office.

Erytém obličeje

prof.MUDr.Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr.Marie Macků, MUDr.Lubomíra Ovčačíková

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):61  

Autodidaktický test 1/2010

-

Pediatr. praxi. 2010;11(1):66