Kdo to ví, odpoví?

prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):71  

Sleep disorders in children and young people from a perspective of a pediatric psychiatrist

MUDr. Petra Uhlíková

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):77-79  

Sleep disorders in children and young people are relatively frequent with ocurrence of about 30 %. A thorough diagnosis with a determination of cause is necessary for a succesful treatment as well as a family cooperation. Nonpharmacological approach is preferred for the treament of sleep disoreders in children and young people.

Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Abnormalities of Early Brain Development

MUDr. Hana Ošlejšková Ph.D

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):80-84  

History and present of the initial child´s nutrition

MUDr. Petr Tláskal CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):86-92  

The author presents a history of the initial child´s nutrition. In the framework of contemporary knowledge the significance of individual components of the natural nutrition is evaluated for the further development of children as well as for health of adults. Particulary oligosacharides, poly–unsaturated fatty acids and albumins. A part of the article analyzes the initial nutrition and the intestinal microflora in the context to prevent some disorders. In the last part the author presents some observations about effect of selected nutrients on development of the brain. The paper summarized the new recommendation EU for infants formula.

Specificity of pediatric migraines

MUDr. Miroslava Muchová, MUDr. Hana Ošlejšková Ph.D

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):93-97  

The migraines are a common diagnosis in children which have a negative influence on their life quality. The migraine variants and the childhood periodic syndromes that are commonly precursors of migraine (cyclical vomiting, abdominal migraine, benign paroxysmal vertigo) are typical of childhood. The paper summarises classification, epidemiology, special charakteristics and used diagnostic standards of pediatric migraines.

Pneumococcal diseases and possibilities of prevention

doc. MUDr. Roman Prymula CSc., Ph.D

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):98-101  

Pneumococcal diseases belong among the most frequent respiratory bacterial diseases, afflicting various age cohorts. In children under 2 years of age and vice versa in persons 65 and above are clinical courses the most serious. Streptococcus pneumoniae causes diversiform scale of various diseases in childhood ranging from the most serious invasive like meningitis and septicemias through pneumonias up to life as a rule not threatening but all the more frequent acute otitis and sinusitis. Incidence of pneumococcal diseases varies in different countries. Either the mass immunization strategy or risk group strategy are applied in the EU in current situation....

Rotaviral infections and new possibilities of their prevention

MUDr. Helena Ambrožová Ph.D, MUDr. Simona Arientová

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):104-108  

Rotaviruses are the most frequent etiologic agents of severe diarrheal diseases in children. They often demand hospitalization and parenteral rehydration. Rotaviral infections are markedly underreported in the Czech Republic, only 3485 cases were reported in the official reporting system EPIDAT in the year 2007. Children between 6–23 months are the most affected group. There are enormous differences in diagnostic between regions of the Czech Republic. Seasonality with the peak in cold months of the year is typical. Rotaviruses are highly contagious, only 10 viral particles are sufficient for infection. They are transmitted fecalorally or by airborne....

Treatment of allergic rhinitis

MUDr. Jiří Novák

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):110-118  

The principles of rhinitis allergica treatment in children are similar to those in adults; special care should be taken, to avoid the side effects of drugs. Non-pharmacologic treatment involves education of the family and the child about the nature of the disease and about the avoidance of allergens and irritants from the environment. Allergen specific subcutaneous immunotherapy is not usually recommended before the age of five years, sublingual immunotherapy in children with allergic rhinitis may possibly prevent later development of asthma. The evidence available from studies indicates that slowing of linear growth can occur in children treated with...

Anal fissure in children

prof. MUDr. Richard Škába CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):119-120  

The anal fissure is the most frequent acquired disease of the rectum and anus in the childhood and the most frequent cause of bleeding from rectum in children. The source of bleeding is damaged mucosa of anal channel. It occurs most frequently between six months and two years of life. Most common symptoms are rectal bleeding, pain and retaining of stool. Fissure can be acute or chronic. The diagnosis is made from clinical picture and physical examination of anus and its surrounding .An endoscopy examination is necessary to confirm an uncertain working diagnosis of anal fissure or to rule out bleeding from another source. The treatment consists of relief...

Growing skull fractures in children

MUDr. Helena Homolková, MUDr. Martin Prchlík

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):121-122  

Linear fractures are most commonly associated with growing skull fractures in children under the age of eight, with maximum under the age of three. It is progressively growing cranial defect after head trauma follow laceration involving the dura mater, usually occur insidiously over several months after the causative injury. A fracture with a diastasis of more than 4 mm in a young child may be considered at risk of developing a growing fracture and should be followed radiologically. Surgical therapy is recomended.

Centrální syndrom ztráty soli jako komplikace u pacientky s obstrukčním hydrocefalem

MUDr. Jiří Havránek, MUDr. Markéta Rárová, MUDr. Vítězslav Dedek CSc, MUDr. Martin Fajt, MUDr. Pavel Heinige

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):127-128  

Frankův příběh

Marcela Brittlová, prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):129-131  

Prevence ortodontických vad u dětí

Marcela Jelínková, MUDr. Barbora Petrů

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):132-133  

Problematika akutního průjmu u dětí a s tím spojená dehydratace

doc. MUDr. Josef Sýkora Ph.D

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):123-126  

Tříkomorový hydrocefalus jako projev ependymální cysty v oblasti glandula pinealis

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál CSc, MUDr. Kamila Michálková, prof. MUDr. Jiří Ehrmann CSc, MUDr. Marta Neklanová, MUDr. Josef Machač

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):134-136  

Má význam preventivní podávání vitaminu D u dětí?

prof. MUDr. Milan Bayer CSc

Pediatr. praxi. 2008;9(2):108