Pediatrics for Practice, 2015, issue 5

Editorial

Pediatrie a pedagogika - výzkum dítěte

prof. PhDr. Jan Průcha, DrSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5)

Review articles

Antibiotic resistance in causative agents of community-acquired infections

doc.MUDr.Helena Žemličková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):296-298

Antibiotic resistance is a threat to public health and antibiotic overuse is a major factor contributing to the development and spread of antibiotic resistance. The knowledge of the antibiotic resistance status is an important prerequisite for the appropriate choice of antibiotic, particularly with respect to the fact that, in community-acquired infections, antibiotic therapy is indicated empirically in the majority of cases. The results of long-term surveillance of resistance in the three most frequent bacterial agents of respiratory disease have shown a long-term favourable situation in the drugs of choice (penicillin, amoxicillin) in Streptococcus...

Hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes in childhood - the role of primary care pediatricians

MUDr.Viera Bajčiová, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):300-304

Broad spektrum of hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes affecting pediatric population. Early genetic testing and diagnosis may assist in patient dispensarisation and management. Earlier diagnosis of the cancer and improve prognosis and overall survival. A general pediatrician is usually the first person to suspect some dyspmorhology and possible genetic syndrome.

Oral hygiene in childhood

doc.MUDr.Romana Koberová Ivančaková, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):305-307

Oral hygiene belongs to the basic triad of primary preventive measures aimed at reducing the occurrence of dental caries among the paediatric population. The method and duration of tooth brushing depends on the child’s age and their manual skill. In early childhood, oral hygiene is taken care of by parents; later, they assist their children in this activity and check the regularity and efficacy of brushing. To brush their teeth, children use a toothbrush and, optionally, dental floss. Along with the toothbrush, it is necessary to use an appropriate amount of fluoridated toothpaste with an age-appropriate fluoride concentration. The aim...

Endoscopic suturectomy in pediatric intensive care

MUDr.Markéta Nowaková, MUDr.Peter Kordoš, doc.MUDr.Michal Hladík, Ph.D., MUDr.Hana Medřická, Ing.Jiří Rosický, CSc., Bc.Eva Kaleta, doc.MUDr.Radim Lipina, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):308-311

Calvarial craniosynostosis is one of the most common skeletal deformities in children. Treatment is surgical – open-vault reconstruction or miniinvasive endoscopic suturectomy. Nowadays, the endoscopic approach is prefered at our department, the reason for which is documented reduced blood loss, decreased analgesia requirements and lengh of stay (ether in hospital and intensive care unit). The aim of our study was to compare the above noted parameters in two groups of children treated in University Hospital Ostrava – open-vault remodelation versus endoscopic suturectomy.

Baby’s skin care

MUDr.Michaela Syrovátková

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):312-314

The article discusses the specifics of baby’s skin care, depending on the age of the child. Summarizes how timely prevent damage. The aim of skin care is to protect it from the effects of negative external environment, to maintain optimal hydration to prevent overheating or drying.

Speech and language impairments - practical view in general pediatricians

MUDr.Zdenka Aksenovová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):316-319

Speech or language impairments affect the communication process and total psychomotorical and social development of the child. The therapy is always long-term, complex and multidisciplinar. The role of the pediatrician is in screening, diagnostics and therapy in co-ordination with the other specialists.

Travel-associated health risks in children: Vaccination, antimalarial prophylaxis, traveller’s diarrhoea, other infectious risks

MUDr. Milan Trojánek, doc. MUDr. Vilma Marešová, CSc., MUDr. et RNDr. František Stejskal, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):320-326

An increasing trend in the number of adults and children travelling from developed countries to epidemiologically risky areas has been observed in the recent years. The majority is represented by tourists, however, a significant proportion of people travel for work or visit their friends and relatives. Many of the travel-related health risks are similar both in children and adults. However, during a pre-travel consultation it is necessary to respect major differences between these two age groups. Many infectious diseases have atypical manifestation or even more severe clinical course in children. In addition, some commonly used vaccines are not...

Diagnosing and treating chlamydial infections in the paediatrician’s surgery

MUDr.Zarina Karimova

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):327-329

The Chlamydiaceae family are cosmopolitan, obligate intracellular pathogens, causing respiratory, urogenital, and ocular infections. Currently, given their high prevalence, potentially serious complications, and a very difficult interpretation of laboratory results, chlamydial infections can be considered a major medical problem. treatment.

The strategies of child manipulation in online environments with a focus on cyber grooming

Mgr.Kamil Kopecký, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):331-333

Cyber grooming (child grooming, grooming) represents the Internet users’ behaviour (predators, cyber groomers) which is supposed to raise false confidence and make victim come to a secret personal meeting. The sexual abuse of the victim, physical violence or child prostitution and pornography abuse might be the results of this rendezvous which means that cyber grooming is a kind of psychological manipulation carried out through the internet, mobile phones and other relevant technologies. The paper also focuses on examples of manipulation connected with attacks to children. The last part of paper describes featured cases of cybergrooming.

How to treat warts and molluscum

MUDr.Zuzana Nagy, MUDr.Blanka Pinková, MUDr.Hana Bučková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):334-336

The warts and molluscum contagiosum are the diseases, which are often found in childhood and adolescents, less in adults. About 10% children and adolescents are affected. Both illnesses have a tend to relapse, autoinoculation. The authors describe clinical symptoms of each units, the diagnosis and suitable therapy for children.

Case report

A dangerous toy

MUDr.Pavel Heinige, MUDr.Martin Prchlík, MUDr.Martin Fajt, MUDr.Pavel Tomek, MUDr.Vojtěch Legerský, MUDr.Jan Peška, MUDr.Milan Machart

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):337-338

The authors present a case report of a patient with acute abdomen caused by gradual ingestion of Neo cube magnetic balls and their mutual attraction, resulting in compression, development of ischaemia, and perforation of the intestinal wall. In conclusion, the paper provides a list of patients with the same complaint, having been treated at our department since the year 2011.

A case report of family with short stature and „rotten“ teeth

MUDr.Andrea Hladíková, Ph.D., MUDr.Eva Šilhánová, MUDr.Jana Černá, Mgr.Renata Taslerová, Ph.D., RNDr.Lenka Fajkusová, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):339-343

Authors present a case report of 4,5 years old boy with short stature and failure of teeths formation; these symptoms occur dominantly in III consecutive generations in mothers family (patient, her mother, maternal mother). Using detailed anamnestic analysis and particularly from the original medical practitioner pediatrician documentation of mother was found, that she suffered at repeated fractures during neonatal period and infancy, which disappeared with the onset of puberty, her son never had a fracture. Molecular genetic testing revealed causal mutation in COL1A2 gene, thus in the family was confirmed the diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta.

An unusual case of respiratory failure in infancy - diaphragmatic hernia

MUDr.Jan Papež, MUDr.Petr Jabandžiev, MUDr.Tamara Pavlíková, MUDr.Ivana Červinková, MUDr.Milan Horák

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):344-346

The authors present a case report about a three-month-old infant who was taken to hospital due to unrest, immitigable cry, and anorexia. The physical examination proved a shift of cardiac sounds to the right side and absence of breathing sounds on the left side. Subsequent chest X-rays confirmed the diagnosis congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). CDH is an uncommon congenital anomaly of the diaphragm accompanied with various degrees of pulmonary hypoplasia and persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborns. The diaphragmatic hernia can, however, manifest itself for the first time even in later ages and the diagnosis is then delayed.

For nurses

Relationship between infant excessive crying and family factors

PhDr.Lucie Sikorová, Ph.D., Mgr.Sandra Plačková

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):348-351

Excessive crying is a common problem in infancy which may influence the behavior of a mother or parents and the everyday life of the whole family. Conversely, maternal psychosocial characteristics may have an impact on the baby’s behavior and acts. The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of excessive crying in selected pediatric practices and to ascertain whether there were associations between infant excessive crying syndrome, family functioning and the mother’s psychosocial makeup (family functioning, depression, anxiety, stress and self-confidence). The survey was performed using quantitative research with questionnaires....

Clinicoradiological diagnosis

Intradiploic epidermoid cyst in the frontal bone: a case report

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Mihál, CSc., doc.MUDr.David Krahulík, Ph.D., MUDr.Marie Geierová, MUDr.Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):352-354

Epidermoid cysts are uncommon, benign and slow-growing lesions. They can reach an enormous size without producing neurologic symptoms. Intradiploic epidermoid cysts are nearly 25% of all epidermoids. They are derived from ectodermal remnants that stay within the cranial bones during embryonic development and can be located in any part of the skull. We report a 10-year-old girl with an intradiploic epidermoid cyst in the frontal bone. Computed tomography examination revealed the tumor with osteolytic lesion of the frontal bone. The tumor was totally removed. The biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of epidermoid cyst with finding of the squamous epithelium...

Information

The use of propolis and some other natural products in the treatment and prevention of respiratory infections

MUDr.Jindřich Pohl, MUDr.Martin Fuchs, MUDr.Elena Prokopová, MUDr.Miroslav Černý, doc.RNDr.Jiřina Spilková, CSc., PharmDr.Silvia Fialová, Ph.D., MUDr.Pavel Kostiuk, CSc., PharmDr.Lucie Kotlářová

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(5):358-362

Recurrent respiratory infections represent a very common health problem in children. The current critical view of the widespread use of antibiotics in the last years has led to search for other options of therapies and preventions in the field of natural origin’s substances. It is not just a return to traditional usage, but a trend of therapeutic use supported by the scientific evidence of efficacy and safety. One of these rediscovered options is propolis, a bee product, used already in the ancient medicine. Currently there is a growing scientific interest in propolis, they are proven its antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, immunostimulatory...