Pyrrhovo vítězství nerozumu

Vladimír Mihál

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3)  

Invasive meningococcal disease

MUDr. Jan Pavelka, MUDr. Lukáš Homola, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3):150-154 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.027  

Due to frequent fulminant course of invasive meningococcal disease, it is essential to diagnose urgently, based on a history andclinical examination, and to initiate rational treatment within 30 minutes according to valid recommendations by parenteral 3rdgeneration cephalosporin and volumetric shock resuscitation. Vaccination is the only significant preventive measure. Post-exposureprophylaxis of risky contacts consists of penicillin administration for 7 days. Meningococcus presence in the nasopharynx iswidespread and key aspect of immunization. „Treatment“ of carriers is not indicated.

Spinal muscular atrophy – diagnostics, therapy, research

MUDr. Jana Haberlová, Ph.D., MUDr. Alžběta Slabá, RNDr. Petra Hedvičáková, MUDr. Tereza Doušová

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3):155-159  

Spinal muscular atrophy is a group of hereditary disorders caused by degeneration of alpha motor neurons in anterior horncells. Clinically, they show as progressive, mostly as proximal muscle weakness. Although 95 % of cases are autosomal recessiveforms caused by mutations in SMN1 gene, it is a heterogeneous group of disorders. Due to incidence 1: 6 000–10 000, they arerare diseases. As for prevalence, the number of SMA patients in the Czech Republic ranges in hundreds. At present, the care forSMA patients is predominantly covered by paediatric neurologists. Thanks to better symptomatic care, the survival of most SMApatients prolongs to adulthood,...

Immediate and delayed adverse skin reactions to vaccines

MUDr. Veronika Horáková

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3):160-162 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.029  

Adverse skin reactions to vaccines are most frequently limited to the injection site. They result from non specific activation of theinflammatory system by vaccines components or a local immune complex mediated reaction. Rare hypersensitive reactions areeither immediate immunoglobuline E mediated or delayed T cell mediated. They are caused by different type of allergens, havea different severity and diagnostic approach. If allergy is suspected, an allergologist examination should be done in an attempt todetermine the culprit allergen. The vaccine should be administered in a setting in which anaphylaxis can be recognized and treated.

Travel health kit – what medication you should take with yourself while travelling and how to store the medication?

Mgr. Markéta Obrovská

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3):163-166  

Travel health kit should be equipped functionally. It is also necessary to have the smallest size of this health kit. The article is meantas a clue what is good to have in a travel health kit according to demands of traveler. It also describes how to store medicationwhich is packed in the kit.

The importance of the different types of carbohydrates in child nutrition

MUDr. Eva Kudlová, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3):167-170 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.031  

Due to the recommended amounts of fat and protein in the diet, carbohydrates should supplement the energy intake to the quantityneeded and, therefore, should be its main source, in particular in the form of polysaccharides, because high consumption offree sugars is associated especially with increased risk of tooth decay and obesity. Low intake of dietary fibre is associated in adultswith an increased risk of a number of diseases and some studies also suggest an influence of dietary fibre intake on child health.A varied diet with gradually increasing amounts of vegetables, fruits, potatoes, cereals and legumes will ensure sufficient amountsof carbohydrates...

Current attitude to treatment of papulopustular acne

MUDr. Alena Hrouzková

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3):172-176  

This article reviews papulopustular acne, mainly deals with possibilities of local and systemic therapy, marginally with aetiopathogenesis,clinical picture and supplementary treatment.

Unusual cause of duodeno-jejunal intussusception

MUDr. Romana Zahálková, MUDr. Jan Schwarz, MUDr. Jan Geiger, prof. MUDr. Josef Sýkora, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3):179-181 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.034  

This article is dealing with a less known cause of intussusception in children. We describe an 11-year-old Caucasian female who sufferedfrom Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, which had manifested firstly as a duodeno-jejunal intussusception, requiring surgical attack.A genetic testing has been performed due to multiple polyposis resulting in STK 11 gene mutation confirming this unusual syndrome.

From growth retardation to kidney transplantation

MUDr. Zuzana Konečná, prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr. Dana Dostálková

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3):182-185 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.082  

Nephronophthisis (NPHP) ranks among serious hereditary childhood kidney diseases characterized by a progressive cystic degenerationof functional renal parenchyma and its gradual replacement by a fibrous tissue. It results in a chronic kidney disease(CKD). According its development three types of the disease can be distinguished: infantile, juvenile and adolescent. Apart froma renal impairment, one-third of patients show extrarenal symptoms (for example polydactyly, coloboma, mental retardation,hepatopathia). Diagnosis in the early stages is highly difficult as patients’ urine indicates utterly normal findings in urine tests fora long period of...

Awareness of boys aged 15–19 on the prevention of cancer of the testicles

Bc. Jana Nespalová, Mgr. Alena Machová

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3):196-199  

Testicular cancer in children is one of the rare types of malignant diseases, their incidence is increasing between 15 to 19 years.They are included amongst the most treatable cancers in adults. In the Czech Republic it is annually diagnosed about 400 cases,the incidence of testicular cancer is increasing. The disease is curable, if it is early diagnosis. Regular preventive examinations willreduce disease progression and the nurse at GPCY (general practitioner for children and adolescents) plays an irreplaceable rolein this prevention. The aim of the research was to determine the awareness on testicular cancer prevention in boys 15–19. Therewas...

Portal venous gas embolism after accidental ingestion of concentrated hydrogen peroxide

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr. Eva Klásková, Ph.D., MUDr. Eva Karásková, MUDr. Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3):192-194 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.036  

Concentrated hydrogen peroxide is caustic and exposure may result in local tissue damage. We report the case of a 5-year-oldboy who ingested one mouthful of 30% hydrogen peroxide and presented with vomiting and epigastric pain. The radiograhicevaluation found portal venous gas embolism. In addition, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy performed revealed diffuse hemorrhagicgastritis. He was observed for 12 days and discharged. Follow-up endoscopy nine days later, showed erythematous gastritis.

Sbohem, pane primáři

MUDr. Helena Vávrová

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3)  

 

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr. Milada Dušková, MUDr. Eva Remlová, Ph.D., MBA

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3):177-178 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.033  

 

Treatment of non-healing wounds in neonates with the use of silicone wet materials and dressing

doc. PhDr. Andrea Pokorná, Ph.D., Bc. Jana Dvořáková, PhDr. Vlasta Dvořáková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2017;18(3):186-191 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.035  

Aim: Newborns’ skin is fragile, requiring careful treatment while minimizing secondary trauma. Yet in the treatment of certainpost-partum trauma inappropriate materials are used, which can harm the newborn. To evaluate the effect of silicone materialsin the treatment of newborns´ skin and mucosal traumas.Method: Prospective study with no control group (in the period from 2008 till 2014) at 8 newborns with non-healing woundcaused in the early postpartum period (birth related trauma). Objective evaluation of the newborn skin condition (skin integrity)was done with Neonatal Skin Condition Score (NSCS) and pain evaluation with Neonatal/Infant Pain...